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Skeeter syndrome (papular urticaria) is a localized severe allergic reaction to mosquito bites, [1] consisting of inflammation, peeling skin, blistering, ulceration and sometimes fever. It is caused by allergenic polypeptides in mosquito saliva , and therefore is not contagious. [ 2 ]
Acariasis is a medical condition characterized by infestation of human or animal tissues by mites. [ 1 ] , a diverse group of microscopic arthropods belonging to the order Acari. This condition can manifest in multiple ways, ranging from skin-related disorders to potentially invasive infections affecting various bodily systems.
Hives, also known as urticaria, is a kind of skin rash with red and/or flesh-colored, raised, itchy bumps. [1] Hives may burn or sting. [ 2 ] The patches of rash may appear on different body parts, [ 2 ] with variable duration from minutes to days, and do not leave any long-lasting skin change. [ 2 ]
The first outbreak of urticaria can lead to other reactions on body parts not directly stimulated, scraped, or scratched. In a normal case, the swelling will decrease without treatment within 15–30 minutes, but, in extreme cases, itchy red welts may last anywhere from a few hours to days.
Dupilumab (Dupixent) was approved for medical use in the United States in September 2022. [21] Dupilumab is the first medication approved for the treatment of prurigo nodularis by the US Food and Drug Administration. [21] Nemolizumab (Nemluvio) was approved for medical use in the United States in August 2024. [22]
Chronic spontaneous urticaria, despite its cause being unknown, is linked to a higher prevalence of autoimmune diseases, and is often worsened by triggers like stress, infections, certain foods, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The hives and angioedema seen in CSU is thought to be linked to the degranulation of skin mast cells.
Although there are a multitude of varying appearances, the id reaction often presents with symmetrical red patches of eczema with papules and vesicles, particularly on the outer sides of the arms, face and trunk which occur suddenly and are intensely itchy occur a few days to a week after the initial allergic or irritant dermatitis.
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a form of contact dermatitis that is the manifestation of an allergic response caused by contact with a substance; the other type being irritant contact dermatitis (ICD). Although less common than ICD, ACD is accepted to be the most prevalent form of immunotoxicity found in humans. [1]