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As of 2018, the best available evidence favors low-dose thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. [5] Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of ...
Antihypertensive agents comprise multiple classes of compounds that are intended to manage hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy aims to maintain a blood pressure goal of <140/90 mmHg in all patients, as well as to prevent the progression or recurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in hypertensive patients with established CVD. [2]
There are concerns that use during pregnancy may be harmful to the baby. [10] Bisoprolol was patented in 1976 and approved for medical use in 1986. [11] It was approved for medical use in the United States in 1992. [7] Bisoprolol is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines [12] and is available as a generic medication.
Hydralazine was discovered while scientists at Ciba were looking for a treatment for malaria. [4] It was patented in 1949. [5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [6] In 2022, it was the 121st most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 5 million prescriptions. [7] [8]
It is one of the preferred treatments for high blood pressure in pregnancy. [1] For other types of high blood pressure including very high blood pressure resulting in symptoms other medications are typically preferred. [1] It can be given by mouth or injection into a vein. [1] Onset of effects is around 5 hours and they last about a day. [1]
Use in pregnancy may harm the baby and use when breastfeeding is not recommended. [10] It is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist and works by blocking the effects of angiotensin II. [5] Irbesartan was patented in 1990, and approved for medical use in 1997. [11] It is available as a generic medication. [9]
Prazosin is active after taken by mouth and has a minimal effect on cardiac function due to its α 1-adrenergic receptor selectivity.When prazosin is started, however, heart rate and contractility can increase in order to maintain the pre-treatment blood pressures because the body has reached homeostasis at its abnormally high blood pressure.
Lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Zestoretic among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication used for the treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension). [2] It contains lisinopril , an ACE inhibitor , and hydrochlorothiazide , a diuretic .