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The Berlin Crisis of 1961 (German: Berlin-Krise) was the last major European political and military incident of the Cold War concerning the status of the German capital city, Berlin, and of post–World War II Germany. The crisis culminated in the city's de facto partition with the East German erection of the Berlin Wall.
Accordingly, before 1961, most of that east–west flow took place between East and West Germany, with over 3.5 million East Germans emigrating to West Germany before 1961. [6] [7] On August 13, 1961, a barbed-wire barrier, which would become the Berlin Wall separating East and West Berlin, was erected by East Germany. [8]
Between 1945 and 1988, around 4 million East Germans migrated to the West. 3.454 million of them left between 1945 and the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961. The great majority simply walked across the border or, after 1952, exited through West Berlin.
German Democratic Republic Deutsche Demokratische Republik (German) 1949–1990 Flag (1959–1990) Emblem (1955–1990) Motto: " Proletarier aller Länder, vereinigt Euch! " (" Workers of the world, unite! ") Anthem: "Auferstanden aus Ruinen" ("Risen from Ruins") Show globe Show map of Europe Location of the East Germany (dark green) in Europe (dark grey) Capital and largest city East Berlin ...
Map showing the different borders and territories of Poland and Germany during the 20th century, with the current areas of Germany and Poland in dark gray 1951 East German stamp commemorating the Treaty of Zgorzelec establishing the Oder-Neisse line as a "border of peace", featuring the presidents Wilhelm Pieck (GDR) and Bolesław Bierut (Poland)
Barbed Wire Sunday (German: Stacheldrahtsonntag), is the name given to 13 August 1961, when the military and police of East Germany closed the border between East and West Berlin and began the construction of what would become the Berlin Wall. The intention of closing the border was to prevent the migration of East Germans to the West. [1]
In just two weeks, the most important symbol of the Cold War divided the most turbulent city of the 20th Century into two occupation zones: West and East Germany. 17 September - West German federal election, 1961; 14 November - The Fourth Adenauer cabinet, led by Konrad Adenauer, is sworn in. [2]
Even though East Germany's political structure meant that these institutions had very close ties to the government, they were not public institutions. Further problems arose as these records were separated from other East German documents, resulting in the Federal Archives presenting an incomplete picture of East Germany's history. In 1991, an ...