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Geography is an important factor in informing Iran's foreign policy. [1] Following the 1979 Iranian Revolution, the newly formed Islamic Republic, under the leadership of Ayatollah Khomeini, dramatically reversed the pro-American foreign policy of the last Shah of Iran Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
Iran has close ties with Lebanon and considers it an ally. Iran also has close ties with the Lebanese political party Hezbollah and its militia force [37] to whom it reportedly provides as much as $100 million in supplies and weaponry per year. [38] Iran has been a staunch supporter of both Lebanon and Hezbollah against Israel.
Iran waited months to retaliate over the killing of Haniyeh and other proxy leaders, but on October 1, it launched some 200 ballistic missiles at Israel — the second direct confrontation between ...
In this era, until the fall of the Shah in 1979, Iran was one of the United States' closest allies. [6] [7] [8] The US played a critical role in founding the Shah's brutal secret police to keep him in power. A US Army colonel working for the CIA was sent to Persia in September 1953 to guide local personnel in creating the organization.
Iran is likely “horrified by the effectiveness and efficiency” of Israel’s attacks but despite the targeting of Hezbollah’s top leadership, Tehran may still believe the group can defend ...
The mood in Lebanon’s restive capital has darkened in the two weeks since Israel’s July 30 attack in southern Beirut that killed Iran-backed Hezbollah’s top commander Fu’ad Shukr and four ...
Iran has been heavily involved in Iraq since the 2003 invasion that toppled Saddam Hussein from power. [256] Iran has often used Shia militias within Iraq to disrupt American operations, [257] while also directly participating in the insurgency that followed the invasion. [258] [259] Iran mainly funded the Mahdi Army, a group led by Muqtada al ...
Growing unease over the United States’ inability to de-escalate tensions in the Middle East is prompting some of Washington’s closest Arab allies to significantly increase engagement with its ...