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It is defined as the pressure exerted by a column of water of 1 inch in height at defined conditions. At a temperature of 4 °C (39.2 °F) pure water has its highest density (1000 kg/m 3). At that temperature and assuming the standard acceleration of gravity, 1 inAq is approximately 249.082 pascals (0.0361263 psi). [2]
The (oceanic) water column is a concept used in oceanography to describe the physical (temperature, salinity, light penetration) and chemical (pH, dissolved oxygen, nutrient salts) characteristics of seawater at different depths for a defined geographical point.
Conversely, 10.3 m is the maximum height to which water can be raised using suction under standard atmospheric conditions. Low pressures, such as natural gas lines, are sometimes specified in inches of water, typically written as w.c. (water column) gauge or w.g. (inches water) gauge.
centimetre, inch, millimetre (torr) and micrometre (mTorr, micron) of mercury, height of equivalent column of water, including millimetre (mm H 2 O), centimetre (cm H 2 O), metre, inch, and foot of water; imperial and customary units: kip, short ton-force, long ton-force, pound-force, ounce-force, and poundal per square inch,
The meter is "read" as a differential pressure head in centimeters or inches of water. The venturi meter and manometer is a common type of flow meter which can be used in many fluid applications to convert differential pressure heads into volumetric flow rate , linear fluid speed , or mass flow rate using Bernoulli's principle .
A centimetre of water [1] is a unit of pressure. It may be defined as the pressure exerted by a column of water of 1 cm in height at 4 °C (temperature of maximum density) at the standard acceleration of gravity, so that 1 cmH 2 O (4°C) = 999.9720 kg/m 3 × 9.80665 m/s 2 × 1 cm = 98.063754138 Pa ≈ 98.0638 Pa, but conventionally a nominal maximum water density of 1000 kg/m 3 is used, giving ...
The water intakes of Hoover Dam on Lake Mead, and the "bathtub ring" behind them, show how far below its historical level the vast reservoir has fallen.
The pascal (Pa) or kilopascal (kPa) as a unit of pressure measurement is widely used throughout the world and has largely replaced the pounds per square inch (psi) unit, except in some countries that still use the imperial measurement system or the US customary system, including the United States.