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This causes the brain to lose its buoyancy, which results in pressure on pain-sensitive areas like the dura and blood vessels. The resulting pain is a headache, and because the brain is more reliant on its buoyancy in an upright position the headache can be relieved by switching to a horizontal position. [3]
Midodrine is a prodrug of its active metabolite desglymidodrine. [3] [1] This metabolite acts as a selective agonist of the α 1-adrenergic receptor. [3] [1] This in turn results in vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure. [3] [1] Midodrine was discovered by 1971 [6] and was introduced for medical use in the United States in 1996 ...
Migraine surgery is an outpatient procedure which addresses peripheral nerves through limited incisions. Depending on the symptoms of the patient and the screening results following nerve blocks or Botox, different areas of the head and neck may be addressed to treat the nerves found to be the migraine trigger in a given patient.
Apart from treating underlying reversible causes (e.g., stopping or reducing certain medications, treating autoimmune causes), several measures can improve the symptoms of orthostatic hypotension and prevent episodes of syncope (fainting). Even small increases in the blood pressure may be sufficient to maintain blood flow to the brain on standing.
The pain is usually located in the occipital or frontal regions and can be accompanied by other cardiac symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, or radiating arm pain. This specific headache type is considered a potential warning sign of cardiac distress and requires immediate medical attention to prevent potentially life-threatening ...
Cluster-like head pain may be diagnosed as secondary headache rather than cluster headache. [21] A detailed oral history aids practitioners in correct differential diagnosis, as there are no confirmatory tests for cluster headache. A headache diary can be useful in tracking when and where pain occurs, how severe it is, and how long the pain lasts.
The pain usually radiates from the lower back of the head, the neck, the eyes, or other muscle groups in the body typically affecting both sides of the head. Tension-type headaches account for nearly 90% of all headaches. Pain medications, such as paracetamol and ibuprofen, are effective for the treatment of tension headache.
Post-dural-puncture headache (PDPH) is a complication of puncture of the dura mater (one of the membranes around the brain and spinal cord). [3] The headache is severe and described as "searing and spreading like hot metal", involving the back and front of the head and spreading to the neck and shoulders, sometimes involving neck stiffness.