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Colorized scanning electron micrograph of a human neutrophil ingesting MRSA. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a group of gram-positive bacteria that are genetically distinct from other strains of Staphylococcus aureus. MRSA is responsible for several difficult-to-treat infections in humans.
Impetigo is a contagious bacterial infection that involves the superficial skin. [2] The most common presentation is yellowish crusts on the face, arms, or legs. [ 2 ] Less commonly there may be large blisters which affect the groin or armpits . [ 2 ]
Bullous impetigo is a bacterial skin infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus that results in the formation of large blisters called bullae, usually in areas with skin folds like the armpit, groin, between the fingers or toes, beneath the breast, and between the buttocks.
Bacterial skin infections include: Impetigo is a highly contagious bacterial skin infection commonly seen in children. [17] It is caused by Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pyogenes. [18] Erysipelas is an acute streptococcus bacterial infection [19] of the deeper skin layers that spreads via with lymphatic system.
Staphylococcus aureus produces various enzymes such as coagulase (bound and free coagulases) which facilitates the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin to cause clots which is important in skin infections. [57] Hyaluronidase (also known as spreading factor) breaks down hyaluronic acid and helps in spreading it.
[citation needed] The increased prevalence of antibiotic resistance is evident in MRSA species commonly involved in SSSIs, which worsen prognoses and limit treatment options. [ citation needed ] For less severe infections, microbiologic evaluation using tissue culture has been demonstrated to have high utility in guiding management decisions.
Impetigo, a highly contagious ABSSSI (acute bacterial skin and skin structure infection) common among pre-school children, primarily associated with the pathogens S. aureus and S. pyogenes. [13] [14] Impetigo has a characteristic appearance with yellow (honey-coloured), crusted lesions occurring around mouth, nose, and chin. [15]
Pyoderma means any skin disease that is pyogenic (has pus). These include superficial bacterial infections such as impetigo, impetigo contagiosa, ecthyma, folliculitis, Bockhart's impetigo, furuncle, carbuncle, tropical ulcer, etc. [1] [2] Autoimmune conditions include pyoderma gangrenosum.