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A lava coil is a spiral or scroll-shaped lava formation occurring when relatively low viscosity lava such as Pahoehoe solidifies along a slow-moving shear zone in the flow. The shear produces a Kelvin–Helmholtz instability that forms spiral-shaped patterns. Depending on the side of the flow the spiral is clockwise or anti-clockwise.
Lava continues to change the landscape. The hillside flows date from the 1969–74 Mauna Ulu eruptions. The foreground pahoehoe lava is from the 2003 flow. Lava flows from the Kīlauea volcano eruption closed the road in 1969. In 1979, the road was reopened, but it was cut again in 1986 by a lava flow from another eruption of Kīlauea.
Pahoehoe lava is a relatively smooth lava flow that can be billowy or ropey. They can move as one sheet, by the advancement of "toes", or as a snaking lava column. [10] A'a lava flows are denser and more viscous than pahoehoe, and tend to move slower. Flows can measure 2 to 20 m (7 to 66 ft) thick.
Following a major earthquake swarm, multiple lava fountain eruptions began in Holuhraun. [39] The lava flow rate was between 250 and 350 m 3 /s (8,800 and 12,400 cu ft/s) and came from a dyke over 40 km (25 mi) long. [40] [41] An ice-filled subsidence bowl over 100 km 2 (39 sq mi) in area and up to 65 m (213 ft) deep formed as well. [37]
Most of the suburb of Māngere Bridge was formed from the lava flows that came from the mountain's eruptions. Approximately 50,000 years ago, an eruption created hot fluid pāhoehoe lava flows, that travelled up to 10 km/h (6.2 mph) from Māngere Mountain into the Manukau Harbour, which can still be seen along Kiwi Esplanade. [6] [7]: 20
The lava field consists of several flows of pahoehoe lava that erupted from fissure vents in the northeast part of the Devils Garden. The main vent on the north end of the fissure created a lava tube system. Several small vents to the south produced the Blowouts (two large spatter cones), several small spatter cones, and flows.
Krýsuvík in the south-east of Iceland is related to its other volcanic systems Búrfellsgjá lava channel Gálgahraun (Búrfellshraun) ʻaʻā lava, Álftanes Pahoehoe lava in Kapelluhraun lava field, Hafnarfjörður Another ropy pahoehoe formation in Kapelluhraun Óbrinnishólabruni lava field from air Lava tubes within Kapelluhraun lava field A fissure in Krýsuvík lavas, Trölladyngja ...
Pahoehoe lava is smooth and ropy while Aa lava is blocky and hard. Lava flows normally follow the topography, sinking into depressions and valleys and flowing down the volcano. Lava flows will bury roads, farmlands and other forms of personal property. [1] This lava could destroy homes, cars, and lives standing in the way. [2]