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  2. Middle ear - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_ear

    The ossicles were given their Latin names for their distinctive shapes; they are also referred to as the hammer, anvil, and stirrup, respectively. The ossicles directly couple sound energy from the eardrum to the oval window of the cochlea. While the stapes is present in all tetrapods, the malleus and incus evolved from lower and upper jaw ...

  3. Evolution of mammalian auditory ossicles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_mammalian...

    The mammalian middle ear contains three tiny bones known as the ossicles: malleus, incus, and stapes. The ossicles are a complex system of levers whose functions include: reducing the amplitude of the vibrations; increasing the mechanical force of vibrations; and thus improving the efficient transmission of sound energy from the eardrum to the ...

  4. Ossicles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossicles

    The ossicles (also called auditory ossicles) are three irregular bones in the middle ear of humans and other mammals, and are among the smallest bones in the human body. . Although the term "ossicle" literally means "tiny bone" (from Latin ossiculum) and may refer to any small bone throughout the body, it typically refers specifically to the malleus, incus and stapes ("hammer, anvil, and ...

  5. Ear - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ear

    The ossicles are the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and the stapes (stirrup). The stapes is the smallest named bone in the body. The middle ear also connects to the upper throat at the nasopharynx via the pharyngeal opening of the Eustachian tube. [3] [11] The three ossicles transmit sound from the outer ear to the inner ear.

  6. Ossicular chain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossicular_chain

    This chain consists of three tiny bones: the malleus, incus, and stapes. They are connected by ligaments and joints that allow for the efficient conduction of sound waves. [1] The ossicular chain is housed in a slender, air-filled cavity within the temporal bone and plays a pivotal role in hearing by amplifying and transmitting sound vibrations ...

  7. Inner ear - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner_ear

    The three major parts of the bony labyrinth are the vestibule of the ear, the semicircular canals, and the cochlea. The membranous labyrinth runs inside of the bony labyrinth, and creates three parallel fluid filled spaces. The two outer are filled with perilymph and the inner with endolymph. [3]

  8. Plant anatomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_anatomy

    Plant anatomy or phytotomy is the general term for the study of the internal structure of plants. Originally, it included plant morphology , the description of the physical form and external structure of plants, but since the mid-20th century, plant anatomy has been considered a separate field referring only to internal plant structure.

  9. Malleus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malleus

    The malleus is a bone situated in the middle ear. It is the first of the three ossicles, and attached to the eardrum (tympanic membrane). The head of the malleus is the large protruding section, which attaches to the incus. The head connects to the neck of malleus.