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Chromosomal reciprocal translocation of the 4th and 20th chromosome. In genetics, chromosome translocation is a phenomenon that results in unusual rearrangement of chromosomes. This includes balanced and unbalanced translocation, with two main types: reciprocal, and Robertsonian translocation.
The translocation of 254 black bears to the Ozark Mountains in Arkansas resulted in more than 2,500 individuals 11 years later and has been seen as one of the most successful translocations in order Carnivora. [33] Another example of successful translocation is the gray wolf translocation in Yellowstone National Park.
EC 7.2.1 Translocation of inorganic cations linked to oxidoreductase reactions; EC 7.2.2 Translocation of inorganic cations linked to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate; EC 7.2.4 Translocation of inorganic cations linked to decarboxylation; An important translocase contained in this group is Na+/K+ pump, also known as EC 7.2.2.13.
A Robertsonian translocation results when the long arms of two acrocentric chromosomes fuse at the centromere and the two short arms are lost. If, for example, the long arms of chromosomes 13 and 14 fuse, no significant genetic material is lost—and the person is completely normal in spite of the translocation.
There are two main types of translocations: Reciprocal translocation: Segments from two different chromosomes have been exchanged. Robertsonian translocation: An entire chromosome has attached to another at the centromere - in humans, these only occur with chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22.
Such changes may involve several different classes of events, like deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations. Usually, these events are caused by a breakage in the DNA double helices at two different locations, followed by a rejoining of the broken ends to produce a new chromosomal arrangement of genes , different from the gene ...
This is an example of how wealthy people have been doing these translocations for a long time. [ 9 ] The spread of exotic birds for the menageries of wealthy people has been especially wide spread, [ 10 ] [ 11 ] like the peacock from Asia to Greece in the time of Alexander the Great , [ 12 ] and the Chukar partridge along the silk road in early BC.
This transport process is called translocation. [2] In trees, the phloem is the innermost layer of the bark, hence the name, derived from the Ancient Greek word φλοιός (phloiós), meaning "bark". [3] [4] The term was introduced by Carl Nägeli in 1858. [5] [6] Different types of phloem can be distinguished. The early phloem formed in the ...