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Trachoma is a public health problem in 42 countries across Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Central and South America. [7] There are 136.9 million people at risk. [2] It results in US$8 billion of economic losses a year. [2] It belongs to a group of diseases known as neglected tropical diseases. [4]
Chlamydia trachomatis (/ k l ə ˈ m ɪ d i ə t r ə ˈ k oʊ m ə t ɪ s /) is a Gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium responsible for chlamydia and trachoma. C. trachomatis exists in two forms, an extracellular infectious elementary body (EB) and an intracellular non-infectious reticulate body (RB). [2]
In 1966, Chlamydiota were recognized as bacteria and the genus Chlamydia was validated. [16] The order Chlamydiales was created by Storz and Page in 1971. The class Chlamydiia was recently validly published. [17] [18] [19] Between 1989 and 1999, new families, genera, and species were recognized.
Trachoma is a chronic conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. [20] It was once the leading cause of blindness worldwide, but its role diminished from 15% of blindness cases by trachoma in 1995 to 3.6% in 2002. [21] [22] The infection can be spread from eye to eye by fingers, shared towels or cloths, coughing and sneezing and eye-seeking ...
multiple bacteria Bacterial meningitis: Lumbar puncture (contraindicated if there is a mass in the brain or the intracranial pressure is elevated), CT or MRI Antibiotics No multiple bacteria Bacterial pneumonia: Sputum Gram stain and culture, Chest radiography Antibiotics No List of bacterial vaginosis microbiota: Bacterial vaginosis
Chlamydia may also take the form of a reticulate body, which is in fact an intracytoplasmic form, highly involved in the process of replication and growth of these bacteria. The reticulate body is slightly larger than the elementary body and may reach up to 0.6 μm in diameter with a minimum of 0.5 μm.
All Chlamydiota are anaerobic bacteria with a biphasic developmental lifecycle that depends on obligately intracellular growth in eukaryotic host cells. Chlamydophila was recognized by a number of scientists in 1999, [3] with six species in Chlamydophila and three in the original genus, Chlamydia. This was immediately seen as controversial. [4]
Pathogenic bacteria are bacteria that can cause disease. [1] This article focuses on the bacteria that are pathogenic to humans. Most species of bacteria are harmless and many are beneficial but others can cause infectious diseases. The number of these pathogenic species in humans is estimated to be fewer than a hundred. [2]