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The availability of Subscriber Identity Modules allows users to switch networks and handsets at will, aside from a subsidy lock. GSM covers virtually all parts of the world so international roaming is not a problem. The much bigger number of subscribers globally creates a better network effect for GSM handset makers, carriers and end users.
Typical 2G standards include GSM and IS-95 with extensions via GPRS, EDGE and 1xRTT, providing Internet access to users of originally voice centric 2G networks. Both EDGE and 1xRTT are 3G standards, as defined by the ITU, but are usually marketed as 2.9G due to their comparatively low speeds and high delays when compared to true 3G technologies.
This makes HSCSD relatively expensive in many GSM networks and is one of the reasons that packet-switched General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), which typically has lower pricing (based on amount of data transferred rather than the duration of the connection), has become more common than HSCSD.
EDGE/EGPRS is implemented as a bolt-on enhancement for 2.5G GSM/GPRS networks, making it easier for existing GSM carriers to upgrade to it. EDGE is a superset to GPRS and can function on any network with GPRS deployed on it, provided the carrier implements the necessary upgrade. EDGE requires no hardware or software changes to be made in GSM ...
GSM Features, GPRS: Release 98: 1999 Q1 GSM Features, AMR codec, EDGE, GPRS for PCS1900 Release 99: 2000 Q1 Specified the first UMTS 3G networks, incorporating a CDMA air interface [9] Release 4: 2001 Q2 Originally called the Release 2000 – added features including an all-IP Core Network [10] Release 5: 2002 Q1 Introduced IMS and HSDPA [11 ...
GSM services that the subscriber has requested or been given. General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) settings to allow the subscriber to access packet services. Current location of subscriber (VLR and serving GPRS support node/SGSN). Call divert settings applicable for each associated MSISDN.
Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) services first became operational in a network in 2003, and the number of worldwide GSM subscribers exceeded 1 billion in 2004. [ 9 ] By 2005 GSM networks accounted for more than 75% of the worldwide cellular network market, serving 1.5 billion subscribers.
It has 3 main services: Bearer services is one of them which is also known as data services and communication. Second generation 2G cellular telecom networks were commercially launched on the GSM standard in Finland by Radiolinja (now part of Elisa Oyj) in 1991. [3]