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Standard deviation can also be used to calculate standard ... by using summation notation, ... Particle physics conventionally uses a standard of "5 sigma" for the ...
In mathematics, summation is the addition of a sequence of numbers, called addends or summands; the result is their sum or total. Beside numbers, other types of values can be summed as well: functions , vectors , matrices , polynomials and, in general, elements of any type of mathematical objects on which an operation denoted "+" is defined.
Series are represented by an expression like + + +, or, using capital-sigma summation notation, [8] =. The infinite sequence of additions expressed by a series cannot be explicitly performed in sequence in a finite amount of time.
In number theory, σ is included in various divisor functions, especially the sigma function or sum-of-divisors function. In applied mathematics , σ( T ) denotes the spectrum of a linear map T . In complex analysis , σ is used in the Weierstrass sigma-function .
In mathematical analysis and in probability theory, a σ-algebra ("sigma algebra"; also σ-field, where the σ comes from the German "Summe" [1]) on a set X is a nonempty collection Σ of subsets of X closed under complement, countable unions, and countable intersections. The ordered pair (,) is called a measurable space.
Divisor function σ 0 (n) up to n = 250 Sigma function σ 1 (n) up to n = 250 Sum of the squares of divisors, σ 2 (n), up to n = 250 Sum of cubes of divisors, σ 3 (n) up to n = 250. In mathematics, and specifically in number theory, a divisor function is an arithmetic function related to the divisors of an integer.
The general regression model with n observations and k explanators, the first of which is a constant unit vector whose coefficient is the regression intercept, is = + where y is an n × 1 vector of dependent variable observations, each column of the n × k matrix X is a vector of observations on one of the k explanators, is a k × 1 vector of true coefficients, and e is an n× 1 vector of the ...
Summation notation may refer to: Capital-sigma notation, mathematical symbol for summation; Einstein notation, summation over like-subscripted indices