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The relations between the Catholic Church and the state have been constantly evolving with various forms of government, some of them controversial in retrospect. In its history, the Church has had to deal with various concepts and systems of governance, from the Roman Empire to the medieval divine right of kings, from nineteenth- and twentieth-century concepts of democracy and pluralism to the ...
Catholic thought justified limited submission to the monarchy by reference to the following: The Old Testament, in which God chose kings to rule over Israel, beginning with Saul who was then rejected by God in favour of David, whose dynasty continued (at least in the southern kingdom) until the Babylonian captivity.
The traditional social stratification of the Occident in the 15th century. Church and state in medieval Europe was the relationship between the Catholic Church and the various monarchies and other states in Europe during the Middle Ages (between the end of Roman authority in the West in the fifth century to their end in the East in the fifteenth century and the beginning of the [Modern era]]).
The Catholic Church and the French Nation, 1589–1989 (1990) Reardon, Bernard. Liberalism and Tradition: Aspects of Catholic Thought in Nineteenth-Century France (1975) Roberts, Rebecca. "Le Catholicisme au féminin: Thirty Years of Women's History", Historical Reflections (2013) 39#1 pp. 82–100, on nuns and sisters in France; Sabatier, Paul.
Nevertheless, Sabellius's writings did not survive and so the little that is known about his beliefs is from secondary sources. The name "Monarchian" properly does not strictly apply to the Adoptionists, or Dynamists, as they (the latter) "did not start from the monarchy of God, and their doctrine is strictly Christological". [11]
Monarchy, especially absolute monarchy, is sometimes linked to religious aspects; many monarchs once claimed the right to rule by the will of a deity (Divine Right of Kings, Mandate of Heaven), or a special connection to a deity (sacred king), or even purported to be divine kings, or incarnations of deities themselves (imperial cult).
Inspired by the social doctrine of the Catholic Church (very influential in the thinking of traditional monarchy, even in non-catholic supporters) equality of opportunity is based on the ideal of social justice and not on a left-wing egalitarian thought that would violate human nature, thus seeking a meritocracy that preserves the natural order ...
Regalism is the idea that the monarch has supremacy over the Church as an institution, often specifically referring to the Spanish monarchy and the Catholic Church in the Spanish Empire. Regalists sought reforms that "were intended to redefine the clergy as a professional class of spiritual specialists with fewer judicial and administrative ...