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On January 1, 2008 more than 1 in 100 adults in the United States were in prison or jail. [7] [8] Total U.S. incarceration peaked in 2008. [5] The U.S. incarceration rate was the highest in the world in 2008. [4] It is no longer the highest rate. [9] The United States has one of the highest rates of female incarceration. [10]
Race has been a factor in the United States criminal justice system since the system's beginnings, as the nation was founded on Native American soil. [32] It continues to be a factor throughout United States history through the present, with organizations such as Black Lives Matter calling for decarceration through divestment from police and prisons and reinvestment in public education and ...
To give context, during the racial discrimination of apartheid in South Africa, the prison rate for black male South Africans, rose to 851 per 100,000." [34] A major contributor to the high incarceration rates is the length of the prison sentences in the United States. One of the criticisms of the United States system is that it has much longer ...
Between 2000 and 2017, the incarceration rate for white women increased by 44%, while at the same time declining by 55% for African American women. [47] The Sentencing Project reports that by 2021, incarceration rates had declined by 70% for African American women, while rising by 7% for white women. [48]
Total U.S. incarceration (prisons and jails) peaked in 2008. Total correctional population peaked in 2007. [14] If all prisoners are counted (including those juvenile, territorial, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) (immigration detention), Indian country, and military), then in 2008 the United States had around 24.7% of the world's 9.8 million prisoners.
The United States incarcerates more of its youth than any other country in the world, through the juvenile courts and the adult criminal justice system, which reflects the larger trends in incarceration practices in the United States. In 2010, approximately 70,800 juveniles were incarcerated in youth detention facilities alone. [1]
The Georgia Department of Juvenile Justice (DJJ) is a state agency of Georgia, United States, headquartered in Avondale Estates, near Decatur and in Greater Atlanta. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The agency operates juvenile correctional facilities.
[4] [7] The youth that live in lower income areas face high risk factors. [8] Thomas W. Farmer's et al. study demonstrates the different types of risks young people – especially African-American young people – face. The youth can be put into three categories: single risk, multiple risks, and no risk. [8]