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"Charango" in an Ibero-American colonial term that refers to a series of Spanish-American cultural concepts related to "noise" and rustically constructed objects. The term "charanga", for example, was often used to refer to a small instrumental band. "Charanguero", meanwhile, denoted something rough or rustic.
For example, an American speaker who uses mock language is indexing a language ideology that all Americans should speak English or that other languages are secondary in the US. A dominant language ideology is that English should be the official language spoken in the United States, [ 4 ] establishing English as a hegemonic language.
In the 1990s, anthropologist-linguist Jane H. Hill of the University of Arizona suggested that "Mock Spanish" is a form of racist discourse. [5] Hill asserted, with anecdotal evidence, that "middle- and upper-income, college-educated whites" casually use Spanish-influenced language in way that native Spanish speakers were likely to find insulting. [2]
A broad-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge (the distance between the rails) broader than the 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) used by standard-gauge railways.. Broad gauge of 1,520 mm (4 ft 11 + 27 ⁄ 32 in), more known as Russian gauge, is the dominant track gauge in former Soviet Union countries (CIS states, Baltic states, Georgia, Ukraine) and Mongolia.
Traditionally, the gauge of the national railway in Spain, now managed by Adif, is 1,668 mm (5 ft 5 + 21 ⁄ 32 in), known as Iberian gauge.This gauge (originally 1,674mm but then reduced slightly to allow interoperability with Portugal) was decided upon by a Parliamentary committee, after a report known as the Informe Subercase (named for its principal author) in 1844. [1]
The mouse is probably on the right side, for example. A typical pair of scissors presents problems for people who use their left hands. Lefty scissors are hard to come by.
In 1999, a gauge-changer was installed at Tornio at the Finnish end of the dual-gauge section between Haparanda and Tornio, for use with variable gauge freight wagons. [45] The Tornio gauge changer is a Rafil design from Germany; a similar Talgo-RD gauge changer at the Haparanda end used to exist, but was removed [46] as it required de-icing in ...
The culture of South America draws on diverse cultural traditions. These include the native cultures of the peoples that inhabited the continents prior to the arrival of the Europeans; European cultures, brought mainly by the Spanish, the Portuguese and the French; African cultures, whose presence derives from a long history of New World slavery; and the United States, particularly via mass ...