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Of Usury, from Brant's Stultifera Navis (Ship of Fools), 1494; woodcut attributed to Albrecht Dürer. Usury (/ ˈ j uː ʒ ər i /) [1] [2] is the practice of making loans that are seen as unfairly enriching the lender. The term may be used in a moral sense—condemning taking advantage of others' misfortunes—or in a legal sense, where an ...
The Usury Act 1660 was an Act of the Parliament of England (12 Cha. 2.c. 13) with the long title "An Act for restraining the taking of Excessive Usury". [1]The purpose of the Act was to reduce the maximum interest rate from 8% (imposed in 1624 by the Usury Act 1623 (21 Jas. 1.
According to the Talmud, the debtor would be as guilty as the lender, since it interprets one of the biblical verbs referring to usury, namely tashshik, [11] to be in the causative voice; [6] due to the Talmud's figurative interpretation of the lifnei iver regulation, it even regards any witnesses to usury contracts, as well as the scribe ...
Articles relating to usury, the practice of making unethical or immoral monetary loans that unfairly enrich the lender. The term may be used in a moral sense—condemning, taking advantage of others' misfortunes—or in a legal sense, where an interest rate is charged in excess of the maximum rate that is allowed by law.
Vix pervenit is an encyclical, promulgated by Pope Benedict XIV on November 1, 1745, which condemned the practice of charging interest on loans as usury.Because the encyclical was addressed to the bishops of Italy, it is generally not considered ex cathedra.
Usury by Christians was forbidden at the time by the Catholic Church, but Jews were permitted to act as moneylenders and bankers. That enabled some Jews to amass tremendous wealth, but also earned them enmity, [ 2 ] which added to the increasing antisemitic sentiments of the time, due to widespread indebtedness and financial ruin among the ...
The Church laws against usury had recently been reiterated with more than usual vehemence at the Second Council of Lyon (1274), and Edward in the Statutum de Judaismo (Statute of the Jewry) absolutely forbade Jews to lend on usury (their primary business), but granted them permission to engage in commerce and handicrafts, and even to take farms ...
WJ Ashley, An Introduction to English Economic History and Theory (1920) 126, on just price; M Wolf, Rechtsgeschäftliche Entscheidungsfreiheit und vertraglicher Interessenausgleich (1971) AT Mehren and J Gordley, The Civil Law System (1977) 926; J Gordley, 'Equality in Exchange' (1981) 69 Calif LR 138; Decock, Wim (2013).