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a right to work no more than 48 hours per week, unless the member state enables individual opt-outs. It was issued as an update on earlier versions from 22 June 2000 and 23 November 1993. [1] Since excessive working time is cited as a major cause of stress, depression, and illness, the purpose of the directive is to protect people's health and ...
The maximum does not apply to anyone who is self-employed or who can set their own hours of work, as it is aimed to protect workers who possess less bargaining power and autonomy over the way they do their jobs. [10] Nevertheless, all UK workers may "opt out" of the 48-hour week by individually signing an opt out form. [11]
Pit deputies refused to opt out of the 48-hour week. They had always worked over 48 hours in each of the 17 weeks since the Working Time Regulations 1998 came into force. They wanted an injunction for their Working Time Regulations 1998 regulation 4 rights. They argued the regulations were incorporated into their contracts of employment.
The Grand Chamber of the Court of Justice held that workers could not be asked to work 49 hours a week by a collective agreement. They had to opt out individually. As a starting matter it held that the exception for civil servants was not applicable, holding that ‘the civil protection service in the strict sense thus defined, at which the provision is aimed, can be clearly distinguished from ...
Employers and employees can agree to opt out, under certain circumstances. The directives require: [3] maximum average working week (including overtime) of 48 hours over a 17-week reference period; minimum daily rest period of 11 consecutive hours in every 24; breaks when the working day exceeds 6 hours
For instance, the first Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, 1919 required a maximum of a 48-hour week, and has been ratified by 52 out of 185 member states. The UK ultimately refused to ratify the Convention, as did many current EU members, although the Working Time Directive adopts its principles, subject to individual opt-out.
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For instance, the first Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, 1919 requires a maximum of a 48-hour week, and has been ratified by 52 out of 185 member states. The UK ultimately refused to ratify the Convention, as did many current EU members states, although the Working Time Directive adopts its principles, subject to the individual opt-out. [21]