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The industrialization of China refers to the process of China undergoing various stages of industrialization and technological revolutions. The focus is on the period after the founding of the People's Republic of China where China experienced its most notable transformation from a largely agrarian country to an industrialized powerhouse .
China's defense-industrial complex produced weapons and equipment based predominantly on Soviet designs of the 1950s and 1960s. Because of a lack of foreign exchange, a low short-term threat perception, and an emphasis on the three other modernizations (agriculture, industry, and science and technology), China had decided to develop its defense ...
When the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) came to power in 1949, its leaders' fundamental long-range goals were to transform China into a modern, powerful, socialist nation. In economic terms these objectives meant industrialization, improvement of living standards, narrowing of income differences, and production of modern military equipment.
Encyclopedia of China: The Essential Reference to China, Its History and Culture. Facts on File, 1999. 662 pp. Price, Rohan B.E. Resistance in Colonial and Communist China (1950–1963) Anatomy of a Riot (Routledge, 2020). Rummel, Rudolph J. China's bloody century: Genocide and mass murder since 1900 (Routledge, 2017). Salisbury, Harrison E.
[2]: 67 Between 1952 and 1957, China's urban population grew 30%. [2]: 21 The creation of new state industrial projects created new factory towns and new industrial districts in older cities. [2]: 67 In the early part of the 1950s, city plans also followed the socialist city planning principles from the Soviet 1935 Moscow Master Plan.
Anshan Iron and Steel Structure Metal Processing Plant in 1952. The 2nd Five-Year Plan was the second five-year plan adopted by the People's Republic of China. It was planned to last from 1958 to 1962, and was more modest than the first Five-Year Plan, but was de facto abandoned since the beginning of the Great Leap Forward.
The Great Leap Forward was campaign initiated by Mao Zedong whose aim was to rapidly transform China into a modern communist society through the process of agriculturalization, industrialization, and collectivization of land. Private farming was prohibited, and those engaged in it were labeled as counter revolutionaries and persecuted.
Soviet influence also was realized through large-scale personnel exchanges. During the 1950s China sent about 38,000 people to the Soviet Union for training and study. Most of these (28,000) were technicians from key industries, but the total cohort included 7,500 students and 2,500 college and university teachers and postgraduate scientists.