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A special-purpose entity (SPE; or, in Europe and India, special-purpose vehicle/SPV; or, in some cases in each EU jurisdiction, FVC, financial vehicle corporation) is a legal entity (usually a limited company of some type or, sometimes, a limited partnership) created to fulfill narrow, specific or temporary objectives.
Adjusted present value (APV) is a valuation method introduced in 1974 by Stewart Myers. [1] The idea is to value the project as if it were all equity financed ("unleveraged"), and to then add the present value of the tax shield of debt – and other side effects. [2] Technically, an APV valuation model looks similar to a standard DCF model.
A bank transfers risk in its loan portfolio by entering into a default swap with a ring-fenced special purpose vehicle (SPV). The SPV buys gilts (UK government bonds). The SPV sells 4 tranches of credit linked notes with a waterfall structure whereby: Tranche D absorbs the first 25% of losses on the portfolio, and is the most risky.
Orphan structure or Orphan SPV or orphaning are terms used in structured finance closely associated with creating SPVs ("Special Purpose Vehicles") for securitisation transactions where the notional equity of the SPV is deliberately handed over to an unconnected 3rd party who themselves have no control over the SPV; thus the SPV becomes an "orphan" whose equity is controlled by no one.
Critically, in assessing a company's financial position (and reading its balance sheet), COE is distinguished from CAPEX, or costs associated with Capital Expenditures. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Ke is most often used in the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), in which Ke = Rf + ß(Rm-Rf).
The entity does not have enough equity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support (e.g., the entity is thinly capitalized) The equity holders, as a group, lack any one of the common characteristics of a controlling financial interest: The power to direct the economic activities of the entity through voting rights
In accounting, a basis of accounting is a method used to define, recognise, and report financial transactions. [1] The two primary bases of accounting are the cash basis of accounting, or cash accounting, method and the accrual accounting method. A third method, the modified cash basis, combines elements of both accrual and cash accounting.
In financial accounting, a cash flow statement, also known as statement of cash flows, [1] is a financial statement that shows how changes in balance sheet accounts and income affect cash and cash equivalents, and breaks the analysis down to operating, investing and financing activities. Essentially, the cash flow statement is concerned with ...