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  2. Monetary policy of the Philippines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monetary_policy_of_the...

    In the Philippines, monetary policy is the way the central bank, the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, controls the supply and availability of money, the cost of money, and the rate of interest. With fiscal policy (government spending and taxes), monetary policy allows the government to influence the economy, control inflation, and stabilize ...

  3. Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangko_Sentral_ng_Pilipinas

    The establishment of a monetary authority became imperative a year later as a result of the findings of the Joint Philippine-American Finance Commission chaired by Cuaderno. The commission, which studied Philippine financial, monetary, and fiscal problems in 1947, recommended a shift from the dollar exchange standard to a managed currency ...

  4. Central bank - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_bank

    A central bank, reserve bank, national bank, or monetary authority is an institution that manages the monetary policy of a country or monetary union. [1] In contrast to a commercial bank , a central bank possesses a monopoly on increasing the monetary base .

  5. Monetary policy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monetary_policy

    Monetary policy is the policy adopted by the monetary authority of a nation to affect monetary and other financial conditions to accomplish broader objectives like high employment and price stability (normally interpreted as a low and stable rate of inflation).

  6. Banknotes of the Philippine peso - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banknotes_of_the...

    In 1916, the Philippine National Bank (PNB) was created to administer the state-holding shares and print banknotes without any quota from the Philippine Assembly. They printed banknotes in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 pesos.

  7. Financial instrument - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_instrument

    Financial instruments are monetary contracts between parties. They can be created, traded, modified and settled. They can be cash (currency), evidence of an ownership, interest in an entity or a contractual right to receive or deliver in the form of currency (forex); debt (bonds, loans); equity (); or derivatives (options, futures, forwards).

  8. Department of Budget and Management - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_Budget_and...

    The Department of Budget and Management (DBM; Filipino: Kagawaran ng Badyet at Pamamahala) [1] is an executive body under the Office of the President of the Philippines.It is responsible for the sound and efficient use of government resources for national development and also as an instrument for the meeting of national socio-economic and political development goals.

  9. Macroeconomic policy instruments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macroeconomic_policy...

    Monetary policy instruments are used for managing short-term rates (the federal funds rate and discount rates in the U.S.), and changing reserve requirements for commercial banks. Monetary policy can be either expansive for the economy (short-term rates low relative to the inflation rate ) or restrictive for the economy (short-term rates high ...