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A group of High School girls performing a ballistic stretch in a Physical Education session. Stretching is part of some warm-up routines, although a study in 2013 indicates that it weakens muscles in that situation. [1] There are 3 types of stretches: ballistic, dynamic, and static: Ballistic Stretches involve bouncing or jerking.
Dynamic stretches are done to warm up before a workout and static stretches are done to cool down. Stretching reduces injury risk, relieves sore muscles and increases flexibility.
An example of such a dynamic stretch is lunges. Another form of dynamic stretching is ballistic stretching, which is an active stretch that involves bouncing or swinging back and forth at a high speed in order to take a muscle beyond its typical range of motion using momentum.
Dynamic flexibility is classified as the ability to complete a full range of motion of a joint. This is a release of energy with proper timing for the muscles to contract. [7] It also controls movement as the speed increases while stretching parts of the body. This form of stretching prepares the body for physical exertion and sports performance.
Active stretching eliminates force and its adverse effects from stretching procedures or it can also be defined as a stretch that requires you to retain a posture without any help other than the strength of your agonist's muscles is known as an active stretch. Active stretching stimulates and prepares muscles for use during exercise.
Ballistic systems are capable of power outputs that are significantly greater than that of the muscles associated with the actual movement. One prime example of this is tongue projection in salamanders. [5] This decoupling of muscle work from body/limb work is a major benefit of elastic energy storage mechanisms.
Static stretching induces strength loss, and should therefore probably not be performed before strength training. Resistance training functions as an active form of flexibility training, with similar increases in range of motion when compared to performing a static stretching protocol.
The stretch reflex (myotatic reflex), or more accurately "muscle stretch reflex", is a muscle contraction in response to stretching a muscle. The function of the reflex is generally thought to be maintaining the muscle at a constant length but the response is often coordinated across multiple muscles and even joints. [ 1 ]