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In 2017, Dawn confirmed that Ceres has a transient atmosphere of water vapour. [107] Hints of an atmosphere had appeared in early 2014, when the Herschel Space Observatory detected localised mid-latitude sources of water vapour on Ceres, no more than 60 km (40 mi) in diameter, which each give off approximately 10 26 molecules (3 kg) of water ...
There are indications that Ceres may have a tenuous atmosphere and water frost on the surface. Surface water ice is unstable at distances less than 5 AU from the Sun, so it is expected to vaporize if it is exposed directly to solar radiation. Water ice can migrate from the deep layers of Ceres to the surface, but escapes in a very short time.
Ceres displays such evidence of an active geology as salt deposits and cryovolcanos, while Pluto has water-ice mountains drifting in nitrogen-ice glaciers, as well as a significant atmosphere. Ceres evidently has brine percolating through its subsurface, while there is evidence that Pluto has an actual subsurface ocean.
Each CERES instrument is a radiometer which has three channels – a shortwave (SW) channel to measure reflected sunlight in 0.2–5 μm region, a channel to measure Earth-emitted thermal radiation in the 8–12 μm "window" or "WN" region, and a Total channel to measure entire spectrum of outgoing Earth's radiation (>0.2 μm).
Scientists have detected ice on the planet's surface, which could mean Ceres is hiding an ocean below its frozen crust. Dwarf planet Ceres may have a huge ocean that could support life Skip to ...
The current Venusian atmosphere has only ~200 mg/kg H 2 O(g) in its atmosphere and the pressure and temperature regime makes water unstable on its surface. Nevertheless, assuming that early Venus's H 2 O had a ratio between deuterium (heavy hydrogen, 2H) and hydrogen (1H) similar to Earth's Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water of 1.6×10 −4, [7] the current D/H ratio in the Venusian atmosphere ...
Marine biologists have captured a rare sight of a giant pod of over 1,500 dolphins leaping and swimming off the California coast.. The “super pod” of Risso’s dolphins was spotted in Carmel ...
Ceres has a very thin water vapor atmosphere, but practically speaking it is indistinguishable from a vacuum. [151] Vesta (2.13–3.41 AU) is the second-largest object in the asteroid belt. [152] Its fragments survive as the Vesta asteroid family [153] and numerous HED meteorites found on Earth. [154]