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In international trade law, a safeguard is a restraint to protect home or national industries from foreign competition.In the World Trade Organization (WTO), a member may take a safeguard action, such as restricting imports of a product temporarily to protect a domestic industry from an increase in imports causing or threatening to cause injury to domestic production.
Argentina — Safeguard Measures on Imports of Footwear or Argentina — Footwear (EC) [1] or WT/DS121 is a WTO Dispute Settlement case that was initiated by a complaint made by the European Communities against Argentina. [2] The decision in this case was based on "parallelism" and represents the first deployment of that concept. [3] [4] [5]
The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is a legal agreement between many countries, whose overall purpose was to promote international trade by reducing or eliminating trade barriers such as tariffs or quotas. According to its preamble, its purpose was the "substantial reduction of tariffs and other trade barriers and the elimination ...
GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development (GUAM) FTA [11] [12] - unclear application, the WTO was notified in only 2017 - multilateral free trade regime among 4 countries (International Trade Centre says there is no free trade area in operation with distinct rules from an Agreement on Creation of CIS Free Trade Area, was signed ...
The economists Harry Dexter White (left) and John Maynard Keynes (right) at the Bretton Woods Conference in New Hampshire [27]. The WTO precursor, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), was established by a multilateral treaty of 23 countries in 1947 after the end of World War II, in the wake of other new multilateral institutions dedicated to international economic cooperation—such ...
National treatment is an integral part of many World Trade Organization agreements. Together with the most favoured nation principle, national treatment is one of the cornerstones of WTO trade law. It is found in all 3 of the main WTO agreements (GATT, GATS and TRIPS). [2]
Section 301 of the U.S. Trade Act of 1974 (Pub. L. 93–618, 19 U.S.C. § 2411, last amended March 23, 2018 [1]) authorizes the President to take all appropriate action, including tariff-based and non-tariff-based retaliation, to obtain the removal of any act, policy, or practice of a foreign government that violates an international trade agreement or is unjustified, unreasonable, or ...
A former WTO Director-General characterized the WTO dispute settlement system as "the most active international adjudicative mechanism in the world today." [ 3 ] Chad P. Bown of the Peterson Institute for International Economics and Petros Mavroidis of Columbia Law School remarked on the 20th anniversary of the dispute settlement system that ...
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