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  2. Characteristic function (probability theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characteristic_function...

    In probability theory and statistics, the characteristic function of any real-valued random variable completely defines its probability distribution. If a random variable admits a probability density function , then the characteristic function is the Fourier transform (with sign reversal) of the probability density function.

  3. Frequency (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_(statistics)

    In statistics, the frequency or absolute frequency of an event is the number of times the observation has occurred/been recorded in an experiment or study. [ 1 ] : 12–19 These frequencies are often depicted graphically or tabular form.

  4. Probability distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_distribution

    Probability distribution fitting or simply distribution fitting is the fitting of a probability distribution to a series of data concerning the repeated measurement of a variable phenomenon. The aim of distribution fitting is to predict the probability or to forecast the frequency of occurrence of the magnitude of the phenomenon in a certain ...

  5. Frequentist probability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequentist_probability

    John Venn, who provided a thorough exposition of frequentist probability in his book, The Logic of Chance [1]. Frequentist probability or frequentism is an interpretation of probability; it defines an event's probability as the limit of its relative frequency in infinitely many trials (the long-run probability). [2]

  6. Frequentist inference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequentist_inference

    Frequentist statistics is designed so that, in the long-run, the frequency of a statistic may be understood, and in the long-run the range of the true mean of a statistic can be inferred. This leads to the Fisherian reduction and the Neyman-Pearson operational criteria, discussed above.

  7. Log-normal distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log-normal_distribution

    A closed-form formula for the characteristic ... By analogy with the arithmetic statistics, ... by plotting positions as part of a cumulative frequency ...

  8. Yule–Simon distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yule–Simon_distribution

    This means that the tail of the Yule–Simon distribution is a realization of Zipf's law: (;) can be used to model, for example, the relative frequency of the th most frequent word in a large collection of text, which according to Zipf's law is inversely proportional to a (typically small) power of .

  9. Probability density function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_density_function

    This substantially unifies the treatment of discrete and continuous probability distributions. The above expression allows for determining statistical characteristics of such a discrete variable (such as the mean, variance, and kurtosis), starting from the formulas given for a continuous distribution of the probability.