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Distal or sigmoid, fecalomas can often be disimpacted digitally or by a catheter which carries a flow of disimpaction fluid (water or other solvent or lubricant). Surgical intervention in the form of sigmoid colectomy [ 12 ] or proctocolectomy and ileostomy [ 13 ] may be required only when all conservative measures of evacuation fail.
Complications of the procedure may include anastomotic leak or dehiscence, hernias, or adhesions causing partial or complete bowel obstruction. Depending on which part and how much of the intestines are removed, there may be digestive and metabolic challenges afterward, such as short bowel syndrome .
Treatment for sigmoid volvulus may include sigmoidoscopy. If the mucosa of the sigmoid looks normal and pink, a rectal tube for decompression may be placed, and any fluid, electrolyte, cardiac, kidney or pulmonary abnormalities should be corrected. The affected person should then be taken to the operating room for surgical repair.
Sigmoidocele (also known as pouch of Douglas descent) is a medical condition in which a herniation of peritoneum containing loops of redundant sigmoid colon descends (prolapses) into the rectouterine pouch (in females), between the rectum and the vagina. [1] [2] This can obstruct the rectum and cause obstructed defecation syndrome. [3]
Colectomy as treatment for colorectal cancer also includes lymphadenectomy, or removal of surrounding lymph nodes, which may be done for staging of the cancer or removal of cancerous nodes. [11] More extensive lymphadenectomy is sometimes accomplished by the removal of the mesocolon , the fatty tissue adjacent to the colon, which contains blood ...
Section of the large bowel (sigmoid colon) showing multiple pouches (diverticula). The diverticula appear on either side of the longitudinal muscle bundle (taenium), which runs horizontally across the specimen in an arc. Specialty: General surgery: Symptoms: Abdominal pain, fever, nausea, diarrhea, constipation, blood in the stool [1] Complications
Plain X-rays are insufficient to diagnose diverticular disease. There is no blood test for diverticulosis. It is important to note that both barium enema and colonoscopy are contraindicated during acute episodes of diverticulitis, as the barium may leak out into the abdominal cavity, and colonoscopy can cause perforations of the bowel wall.
Treatment Endoscopy with argon plasma coagulation , bipolar electrocautery, radiofrequency ablation Radiation proctitis or radiation proctopathy is a condition characterized by damage to the rectum after exposure to x-rays or other ionizing radiation as a part of radiation therapy . [ 1 ]