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The experience of Jews in the Ottoman Empire is particularly significant because the region "provided a principal place of refuge for Jews driven out of Western Europe by massacres and persecution." [1] At the time of the Ottoman conquests, Anatolia had already been home to communities of Byzantine Jews.
Anatolia's Jewish population before Ottoman times primarily consisted of Greek-speaking Romaniote Jews, with a handful of dispersed Karaite communities. In the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, many Sephardic Jews from Spain, Portugal and South Italy expelled by the Alhambra Decree found refuge across the Ottoman Empire , including ...
Kaplan, Yosef. "The Self-Definition of the Sephardic Jews of Western Europe and their Relation to the Alien and the Stranger", in: B. R. Gampel (ed.), Crisis and Creativity in the Sephardic World, 1391-1648, (New York 1997), p. 121-145. Karady, Victor. The Jews of Europe in the Modern Era: A Socio-historical Outline. Budapest: Central European ...
Examples of Sephardic literature from the Ottoman Empire include the Shevet Musar by Elijah ha-Kohen (b.1645, d.1729 in Izmir, Turkey). Another writer, Isaac Bekhor Amarachi, ran a printing business and also translated some works from Hebrew into Ladino, including a biography of the English-Sephardic philanthropist Moses Montefiore. Though the ...
The Sephardic Jews have lived in Hungary since the 16th century, when the Hungarian lands were incorporated into the Ottoman Empire. Under Ottoman rule, Sephardic Jews were an important part of the Jewish communities of Hungary and Transylvania. Buda (known as "Budon" by Sephardic Jews) is the historic center of the Sephardic community in ...
In 1730, following advice of Jews Daniel de Fonseca and Celebi Mentz Bali, the then-ruler of Wallachia, Nicolae Mavrocordat, formally allowed Sephardic Jews to organize themselves into communities. Since then, according to historian Iuliu Barasch , many Sephardim from the Ottoman Empire began settling in Romania.
The word Sephardic comes from Sefarad, or Spain in Hebrew. After analysing 25 possible places, Lorente said it was only possible to say Columbus was born in Western Europe.
In 1492 and again in 1498, when the Sephardic Jews were expelled from Spain and Portugal respectively, refugees migrated to the Land of Israel, which changed hands from Mamluks to Ottomans after the second Ottoman–Mamluk war, and Ottoman tolerance was seen as an alternative to Christian persecution.