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28S ribosomal RNA is the structural ribosomal RNA (rRNA) for the large subunit (LSU) of eukaryotic cytoplasmic ribosomes, and thus one of the basic components of all eukaryotic cells. It has a size of 25S in plants and 28S in mammals, hence the alias of 25S–28S rRNA .
Contains manual curations of public transcriptome datasets, focusing on medical and plant biology data. Individual experiments are normalised across the full database to allow comparison of gene expression across diverse experiments. Full functionality requires licence purchase, with free access to a limited functionality. RefEx [172] DDBJ: All
These key traits of rRNA have become especially important for gene database projects (comprehensive online resources such as SILVA [63] or SINA [64]) where alignment of ribosomal RNA sequences from across the different biologic domains greatly eases "taxonomic assignment, phylogenetic analysis and the investigation of microbial diversity." [63]
Ribosomes are the macromolecular machines that are responsible for mRNA translation into proteins. The eukaryotic ribosome, also called the 80S ribosome, is made up of two subunits – the large 60S subunit (which contains the 25S [in plants] or 28S [in mammals], 5.8S, and 5S rRNA and 46 ribosomal proteins) and a small 40S subunit (which contains the 18S rRNA and 33 ribosomal proteins). [6]
The assembly of the latter also include the 5S rRNA as well as the additional 5.8S rRNA in eukaryotes. The rDNA-genes are commonly present with multiple copies in the genome, where they are organized in linked groups in most species, separated by an internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and preceded by the External transcribed spacer (ETS) .
It is a component of the Eukaryotic small ribosomal subunit (40S) and the cytosolic homologue of both the 12S rRNA in mitochondria and the 16S rRNA in plastids and prokaryotes. Similar to the prokaryotic 16S rRNA, the genes of the 18S ribosomal RNA have been widely used for phylogenetic studies and biodiversity screening of eukaryotes. [1]
rRNA: ribosomal RNA multiple families: 5S rRNA: 5S ribosomal RNA RF00001: 5.8S rRNA: 5.8S ribosomal RNA RF00002: SSU rRNA: small subunit ribosomal RNA CL00111: LSU rRNA: large subunit ribosomal RNA CL00112: NoRC RNA: nucleolar remodeling complex associated RNA RF01518: pRNA promoter RNA RF01518: synonym of NoRC RNA: 6S RNA: 6S RNA RF00013: SsrS ...
In the laboratory, R-loops can be created by transcription of DNA sequences (for example those that have a high GC content) that favor annealing of the RNA behind the progressing RNA polymerase. [1] At least 100bp of DNA:RNA hybrid is required to form a stable R-loop structure.