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Structural model at atomic resolution of bacteriophage T4 [1] The structure of a typical myovirus bacteriophage Anatomy and infection cycle of bacteriophage T4.. A bacteriophage (/ b æ k ˈ t ɪər i oʊ f eɪ dʒ /), also known informally as a phage (/ ˈ f eɪ dʒ /), is a virus that infects and replicates within bacteria and archaea.
The first safety trial in healthy human volunteers for a phage was conducted by Bruttin and Brüssow in 2005. [118] They investigated the oral administration of Escherichia coli phage T4 and found no adverse effects of the treatment. [medical citation needed] Historical record shows that phages are safe, with mild side effects, if any. [119]
Bacteriophage Lambda Structure at Atomic Resolution [1] Enterobacteria phage λ (lambda phage, coliphage λ, officially Escherichia virus Lambda) is a bacterial virus, or bacteriophage, that infects the bacterial species Escherichia coli (E. coli). It was discovered by Esther Lederberg in 1950. [2]
The species was formerly named T-even bacteriophage, a name which also encompasses, among other strains (or isolates), Enterobacteria phage T2, Enterobacteria phage T4 and Enterobacteria phage T6. Use in research
The human virome is a part of human bodies and will not always cause harm. [23] Many latent and asymptomatic viruses are present in the human body all the time. Viruses infect all life forms; therefore the bacterial, plant, and animal cells and material in the gut also carry viruses. [6]
Schematic drawing of a Φ29 phage virion (cross section and side view). The structure of Φ29 is composed of seven main proteins: the terminal protein (p3), the head or capsid protein (p8), the head or capsid fiber protein (p8.5), the distal tail knob (p9), the portal or connector protein (p10), the tail tube or lower collar proteins (p11), and the tail fibers or appendage proteins (p12*).
Filamentous bacteriophages are a family of viruses (Inoviridae) that infect bacteria, or bacteriophages.They are named for their filamentous shape, a worm-like chain (long, thin, and flexible, reminiscent of a length of cooked spaghetti), about 6 nm in diameter and about 1000-2000 nm long.
M13 is one of the Ff phages (fd and f1 are others), a member of the family filamentous bacteriophage ().Ff phages are composed of circular single-stranded DNA (), which in the case of the m13 phage is 6407 nucleotides long and is encapsulated in approximately 2700 copies of the major coat protein p8, and capped with about 5 copies each of four different minor coat proteins (p3 and p6 at one ...