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The Chandrayaan programme (/ ˌ tʃ ʌ n d r ə ˈ j ɑː n / CHUN-drə-YAHN) (Sanskrit: Candra 'Moon', Yāna 'Craft, Vehicle', pronunciation ⓘ) [4] [5] also known as the Indian Lunar Exploration Programme is an ongoing series of outer space missions by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) for the exploration of the Moon.
Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), unofficially known as Mangalyaan [11] (Sanskrit: Maṅgala 'Mars', Yāna 'Craft, Vehicle'), [12] [13] is a space probe orbiting Mars since 24 September 2014. It was launched on 5 November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
This is a list of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) missions. ISRO has carried out 125 spacecraft missions, 92 launch missions [1] and planned several missions including [2] the Gaganyaan (crewed/robotic) and Interplanetary mission such as Lunar Polar Exploration Mission, Chandrayaan-4, Shukrayaan and Mangalyaan-2 (Mars Lander Mission).
Image of Chandrayaan-3 Lander as captured by OHRC camera aboard Chandrayaan-2 Orbiter Chandrayaan-3 Lander on the Moon imaged by rover Pragyan 15 meters away Pragyan roll out. On 23 August 2023, as the lander approached the low point of its orbit, its four engines fired as a braking manoeuvre at 30 kilometres (19 mi) above the Moon's surface.
[10] [11] It is planned to be a part of Mangalyaan 2 mission. [12] It will conduct a high-resolution vertical profiling of critical atmospheric parameters and perform first-of-its-kind in-situ measurements in the near-surface boundary layers of Mars.
The two launch pads will allow multiple launches in a single year, which was not possible earlier. India's lunar orbiter Chandrayaan-1 launched from the centre at 6:22 AM IST on 22 October 2008. India's first Mars orbiter Mangalyaan was launched from the centre on 5 November 2013, which was successfully placed into Mars orbit on 24 September 2014.
On 18 September 2024, Chandrayaan-4 received approval from The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi for ₹ 2,104.06 crore (US$240 million) and is expected to be completed within 36 months. [17] [18] The mission will have five modules that will be carried to space on two different launches. The mission is designed to land on ...
Chandrayaan-2 is a follow-up mission which was launched on 22 July 2019. [134] The mission includes a lunar orbiter, a lander named Vikram and a robotic lunar rover named Pragyan . [ 135 ] While a last-minute glitch in the landing guidance software resulted in the lander crashing, the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter is operational as of September 2023 ...