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The sensors show when patient is asleep and awake, and transmit data used to determine when patient is in REM sleep. The nap trial begins when the lights are turned off. [9] The patient is asked to perform simple tasks to test that the equipment is working properly. The patient is asked to nap for 20 minutes, and then is awakened.
The studies eventually led Dement and Carskadon to conclude that "the brain keeps an exact accounting of how much sleep it is owed". [1]: 60 Not getting enough sleep during any given period of time leads to a phenomenon called sleep debt, which lowers sleep latency scores and makes sleep-deprived individuals fall asleep more quickly.
Studies on rodents show that the response to neuronal injury due to acute sleep deprivation is adaptative before three hours of sleep loss per night and becomes maladaptative, and apoptosis occurs after. [35] Studies in mice show neuronal death (in the hippocampus, locus coeruleus, and medial PFC) occurs after two days of REM sleep deprivation.
Sleep efficiency (SE) is the ratio between the time a person spends asleep, and the total time dedicated to sleep (i.e. both sleeping and attempting to fall asleep or fall back asleep). It is given as a percentage. [1] SE of 80% or more is considered normal/healthy with most young healthy adults displaying SE above 90%.
Polyphasic sleep is the practice of sleeping during multiple periods over the course of 24 hours, in contrast to monophasic sleep, which is one period of sleep within 24 hours. Biphasic (or diphasic , bifurcated , or bimodal ) sleep refers to two periods, while polyphasic usually means more than two. [ 1 ]
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The Stanford Sleepiness Scale asks the patient to note their perception of sleepiness by using a seven-point test. The Sleep Timing Questionnaire is a 10-minute self-administration test that can be used in place of a 2-week sleep diary.
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