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A solution is isotonic when its effective osmole concentration is the same as that of another solution. In biology, the solutions on either side of a cell membrane are isotonic if the concentration of solutes outside the cell is equal to the concentration of solutes inside the cell.
Saline solution for irrigation. Normal saline (NSS, NS or N/S) is the commonly used phrase for a solution of 0.90% w/v of NaCl, 308 mOsm/L or 9.0 g per liter. Less commonly, this solution is referred to as physiological saline or isotonic saline (because it is approximately isotonic to blood serum, which makes it a physiologically normal solution).
The primary use of sterile water for injection is as an ingredient for dilution of other medications (aseptic preparation of parenteral solutions). [6] If it is given by injection into a vein without making it approximately isotonic, breakdown of red blood cells may occur. [3] This can then result in kidney problems. [3]
Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) is a buffer solution (pH ~ 7.4) commonly used in biological research. It is a water-based salt solution containing disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride and, in some formulations, potassium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The buffer helps to maintain a constant pH.
The term isotonic may refer to: Isotonic (exercise physiology), a type of muscle contraction; Isotonic regression, a type of numerical analysis; Isotonic, one of three types of tonicity that characterize a solution's concentration; see Tonicity#Isotonicity; A sports drink that contains similar concentrations of salt and sugar to the human body
Ringer's lactate solution (RL), also known as sodium lactate solution, Lactated Ringer's (LR), and Hartmann's solution, is a mixture of sodium chloride, sodium lactate, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride in water. [1] It is used for replacing fluids and electrolytes in those who have low blood volume or low blood pressure. [2]
“Gatorade is considered an isotonic sports drink, which is similar to blood concentration," she said. "It is effective at delivering glucose to muscles quickly, which is an important energy ...
Physiologic saline solution, or 0.9% sodium chloride solution, is often used because it is isotonic, and therefore will not cause potentially dangerous fluid shifts. Also, if it is anticipated that blood will be given, normal saline is used because it is the only fluid compatible with blood administration. [citation needed]