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Cú Chulainn (/ k uː ˈ k ʌ l ɪ n / koo-KUL-in [1] [2] Irish: [kuːˈxʊlˠɪn̠ʲ] ⓘ), is an Irish warrior hero and demigod in the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology, as well as in Scottish and Manx folklore. [3] He is believed to be an incarnation of the Irish god Lugh, who is also his father.
The Ulster Cycle (Irish: an Rúraíocht), [1] formerly known as the Red Branch Cycle, is a body of medieval Irish heroic legends and sagas of the Ulaid.It is set far in the past, in what is now eastern Ulster and northern Leinster, particularly counties Armagh, Down and Louth. [2]
The early Irish tale Tochmarc Emire exists in two (main) recensions. [1] The earliest and shortest version is extant only as a copy in a late manuscript, the 15th/16th-century Bodleian Library, MS Rawlinson B 512, where it lacks the first part, beginning instead with the last riddle exchanged between Cú Chulainn and Emer. [1] The text has been dated by Kuno Meyer to the tenth century. [2]
Cú Chulainn in battle, from T. W. Rolleston, Myths & Legends of the Celtic Race, 1911; illustration by J. C. Leyendecker. Táin Bó Cúailnge (Modern Irish pronunciation: [ˈt̪ˠaːnʲ bˠoː ˈkuəlʲɲə]; "the driving-off of the cows of Cooley"), commonly known as The Táin or less commonly as The Cattle Raid of Cooley, is an epic from Irish mythology.
Standish Hayes O'Grady (often confused with his cousin) published the Silva Gadelica in 1892: a corpus which does not include Cú Chulainn himself, but does contain stories of his kinsmen. Nutt himself had also written a pamphlet on Cú Chulainn entitled Cuhulain, The Irish Achilles. He also referred Lady Gregory to Eleanor Hull.
Several notable Celtic scholars, including Joseph Loth and Kuno Meyer, have preferred to derive it rather from Old Irish bolc "gap, breach, notch" (cognate with Welsh bwlch), suggesting a linguistic link with the second element in the name of Fergus mac Róich's sword, Caladbolg and King Arthur's sword Caledfwlch.
Compert Con Culainn (English: The Conception of Cú Chulainn) is an early medieval Irish narrative about the conception and birth of the hero Cú Chulainn. Part of the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology , it survives in two major versions.
Scáthach (Irish: [ˈsˠkaːhəx]) or Sgàthach (Scottish Gaelic: Sgàthach an Eilean Sgitheanach) is a figure in the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology. She is a legendary Scottish warrior woman and martial arts teacher who trains the legendary Ulster hero Cú Chulainn in the arts of combat.