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  2. Dirac sea - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirac_sea

    An operator with negative frequency lowers the energy of any state by an amount proportional to the frequency, while operators with positive frequency raise the energy of any state. In the modern interpretation, the positive frequency operators add a positive energy particle, adding to the energy, while the negative frequency operators ...

  3. Colors of noise - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colors_of_noise

    Since humans hear in such a proportional space, where a doubling of frequency (an octave) is perceived the same regardless of actual frequency (40–60 Hz is heard as the same interval and distance as 4000–6000 Hz), every octave contains the same amount of energy and thus pink noise is often used as a reference signal in audio engineering.

  4. Harmonic series (music) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic_series_(music)

    The fourth harmonic vibrates at four times the frequency of the fundamental and sounds a perfect fourth above the third harmonic (two octaves above the fundamental). Double the harmonic number means double the frequency (which sounds an octave higher). An illustration in musical notation of the harmonic series (on C) up to the 20th harmonic.

  5. Orders of magnitude (frequency) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Orders_of_magnitude_(frequency)

    Acoustic – frequency of G −7, the lowest note sung by the singer with the deepest voice in the world, Tim Storms. His vocal cords vibrate 1 time every 5.29 seconds. 10 0: 1 hertz (Hz) 1 to 1.66 Hz: Approximate frequency of an adult human's resting heart beat: 1 Hz: 60 bpm, common tempo in music 2 Hz: 120 bpm, common tempo in music ~7.83 Hz

  6. Audio frequency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_frequency

    An audio frequency or audible frequency (AF) is a periodic vibration whose frequency is audible to the average human. The SI unit of frequency is the hertz (Hz). It is the property of sound that most determines pitch. [1] The generally accepted standard hearing range for humans is 20 to 20,000 Hz.

  7. Undertone series - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undertone_series

    Undertone series on C. [1] In music, the undertone series or subharmonic series is a sequence of notes that results from inverting the intervals of the overtone series.While overtones naturally occur with the physical production of music on instruments, undertones must be produced in unusual ways.

  8. Beat (acoustics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beat_(acoustics)

    It can be proven (with the help of a sum-to-product trigonometric identity) that the sum of two unit-amplitude sine waves can be expressed as a carrier wave of frequency ⁠ f 1 + f 2 / 2 ⁠ whose amplitude is modulated by an envelope wave of frequency ⁠ f 1 - f 2 / 2 ⁠: [3]

  9. Sound energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_energy

    In physics, sound energy is a form of energy that can be heard by living things. Only those waves that have a frequency of 16 Hz to 20 kHz are audible to humans. However, this range is an average and will slightly change from individual to individual.