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Lamotrigine can induce a type of seizure known as a myoclonic jerk, which tends to happen soon after the use of the medication. [69] When used in the treatment of myoclonic epilepsies such as juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, lower doses (and lower plasma levels) are usually needed, as even moderate doses of this drug can induce seizures, including ...
The increased need for drugs to treat PTE led to trials with antiepileptics; these early trials suggested that the drugs could prevent epileptogenesis (the development of epilepsy). [19] It was still thought that antiepileptic drugs could prevent epileptogeneis in the 1970s; [ 27 ] in 1973, 60% of physicians surveyed used them to prevent PTE ...
Topiramate, sold under the brand name Topamax among others, is a medication used to treat epilepsy and prevent migraines. [9] It has also been used in alcohol dependence and essential tremor. [9] For epilepsy this includes treatment for generalized or focal seizures. [10] It is taken orally (by mouth). [9]
Levetiracetam, sold under the brand name Keppra among others, is a novel antiepileptic drug [7] used to treat epilepsy. [8] It is used for partial-onset, myoclonic, or tonic–clonic seizures, [7] and is taken either by mouth as an immediate or extended release formulation or by injection into a vein.
The risk of sudden death in young adults with epilepsy is increased 20-40-fold compared to the general population. [32] [33] [20] SUDEP is the number one cause of epilepsy-related death in people with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. [20] Children with epilepsy have a cumulative risk of dying suddenly of 7% within 40 years. [20]
The first anticonvulsant was bromide, suggested in 1857 by the British gynecologist Charles Locock who used it to treat women with "hysterical epilepsy" (probably catamenial epilepsy). Bromides are effective against epilepsy, and also cause impotence, which is not related to its anti-epileptic effects. Bromide also suffered from the way it ...
Pregabalin, sold under the brand name Lyrica among others, is an anticonvulsant, analgesic, and anxiolytic amino acid medication used to treat epilepsy, neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, restless legs syndrome, opioid withdrawal, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). [13] [18] [19] Pregabalin also has antiallodynic properties.
Thus, people who sustain severe head trauma are given anticonvulsant medications as a precaution against seizures. [3] Around 5–7% of people hospitalized with TBI have at least one seizure. [4] PTS are more likely to occur in more severe injuries, and certain types of injuries increase the risk further.