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Plant intelligence is a field of plant biology which aims to understand how plants process the information they obtain from their environment. [2] [3] Plant intelligence has been defined as "any type of intentional and flexible behavior that is beneficial and enables the organism to achieve its goal". [4]
Plants may be woody or herbaceous. The main types of woody plants are trees, shrubs and lianas. Climbing plants can be woody (lianas) or herbaceous (nonwoody vines). Plants can also be categorized in terms of their habit as subshrubs (dwarf shrub, bush), cushion plants and succulents. [5]
The climbing fetterbush (Pieris phillyreifolia) is a woody shrub-vine which climbs without clinging roots, tendrils, or thorns. It directs its stem into a crevice in the bark of fibrous barked trees (such as bald cypress ) where the stem adopts a flattened profile and grows up the tree underneath the host tree's outer bark.
On the Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants is a book by Charles Darwin first printed in book form in 1875 by John Murray. [1] Originally, the text appeared as an essay in the 9th volume of the Journal of the Linnean Society , therefore the first edition in book form is actually called the ‘second edition, revised.’
The Power of Movement in Plants was published 6 November 1880, and 1500 copies were quickly sold by publisher John Murray. [1] This book stands at the culmination of a long line of study in plants and is immediately preceded by 'The different forms of flowers on Plants of the same species’ (1877).
Adventitious roots usually develop from plantlet nodes formed via horizontal, above ground stems, termed stolons, e.g., strawberry runners, and spider plant. Some leaves develop adventitious buds, which then form adventitious roots, e.g. piggyback plant (Tolmiea menziesii) and mother-of-thousands (Kalanchoe daigremontiana).
climbing See climber. cline. adj. clinal. A continuous morphological variation in form within a species or sometimes between two species. clone A plant derived from the asexual vegetative reproduction of a parent plant, with both plants having identical genetic compositions. coalescent Having plant parts fused or grown together to form a single ...
The root crown is a fibrous knob of tissue that sits on top of the roots. Crowns form from multiple vine nodes that root to the ground, and range from pea- to basketball-sized. [ 36 ] These crowns and attached tuberous roots can weigh 400 or 500 pounds (180 to 225 kilograms) and extend up to twenty feet (six meters) into the ground. [ 37 ]