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dplyr is an R package whose set of functions are designed to enable dataframe (a spreadsheet-like data structure) manipulation in an intuitive, user-friendly way. It is one of the core packages of the popular tidyverse set of packages in the R programming language. [1]
This example calculates the five-number summary for the following set of observations: 0, 0, 1, 2, 63, 61, 27, 13. These are the number of moons of each planet in the Solar System . It helps to put the observations in ascending order: 0, 0, 1, 2, 13, 27, 61, 63.
Python, an open-source programming language widely used in data mining and machine learning. R, an open-source programming language for statistical computing and graphics. Together with Python one of the most popular languages for data science. TinkerPlots an EDA software for upper elementary and middle school students.
For example, x + y ≤ 100 becomes x + y + s 1 = 100, whilst x + y ≥ 100 becomes x + y − s 1 + a 1 = 100. The artificial variables must be shown to be 0. The function to be maximised is rewritten to include the sum of all the artificial variables. Then row reductions are applied to gain a final solution.
Pandas – High-performance computing (HPC) data structures and data analysis tools for Python in Python and Cython (statsmodels, scikit-learn) Perl Data Language – Scientific computing with Perl; Ploticus – software for generating a variety of graphs from raw data; PSPP – A free software alternative to IBM SPSS Statistics
For example, the set cover problem is a special case of submodular optimization, since the set cover function is submodular. The set cover function attempts to find a subset of objects which cover a given set of concepts. For example, in document summarization, one would like the summary to cover all important and relevant concepts in the document.
RStudio IDE (or RStudio) is an integrated development environment for R, a programming language for statistical computing and graphics. It is available in two formats: RStudio Desktop is a regular desktop application while RStudio Server runs on a remote server and allows accessing RStudio using a web browser.
Starting with Python 3.12, the built-in "sum()" function uses the Neumaier summation. [ 25 ] In the Julia language, the default implementation of the sum function does pairwise summation for high accuracy with good performance, [ 26 ] but an external library provides an implementation of Neumaier's variant named sum_kbn for the cases when ...