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Rice-fish farming landscape in Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India. Net gains vary between and within countries. Overall, integrated rice-fish fields have a positive impact on net returns. In Bangladesh, net returns are over 50% greater than in rice monocultures. [6] In China, the net return by region is between 45 and 270% greater. [6]
Chinese Rice Fish have been utilized in China and Asia for hundreds of years for rice farming. [6] This process allows the fish to provide protein to the rice, enhancing the food. It is proven that in the presence of rice fish, rice fields grow better, and the rice yield is increased by approximately 4–15%. [7]
Aquaculture is the farming of fish and other aquatic life in enclosures, such as ponds, lakes and tanks, or cages in rivers and coastal waters. China's 2005 reported harvest was 32.4 million tonnes , more than 10 times that of the second-ranked nation, India , which reported 2.8 million tonnes.
China accounts for about one-third of the total fish production of the world. Aquaculture, the breeding of fish in ponds and lakes, accounts for more than half of its output. The principal aquaculture-producing regions are close to urban markets in the middle and lower Yangtze valley and the Zhu Jiang delta.
Rice polyculture is the cultivation of rice and another crop simultaneously on the same land. The practice exploits the mutual benefit between rice and organisms such as fish and ducks: the rice supports pests which serve as food for the fish and ducks, while the animals' excrement serves as fertilizer for the rice.
Rice terraces in Yunnan, China. Rice production in China is the amount of rice planted, grown, and harvested for consumption in the mainland of China. It is an important part of the national economy, [3] where it is the world's largest producer of rice, making up 30% of global rice production. [3]
Rice-duck farming is the polycultural practice of raising ducks and rice on the same land. It has existed in different forms for centuries in Asian countries including China, Indonesia, and the Philippines, sometimes also involving fish. The practice is beneficial as it yields harvests of both rice and ducks.
The aquaculture or farming of piscivorous fish, like salmon, does not help the problem because they need to eat products from other fish, such as fish meal and fish oil. Studies have shown that salmon farming has major negative impacts on wild salmon, as well as the forage fish that need to be caught to feed them.