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Canadian Confederation (French: Confédération canadienne) was the process by which three British North American provinces—the Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick—were united into one federation, called the Dominion of Canada, on July 1, 1867.
The Constitution Act, 1867 (French: Loi constitutionnelle de 1867), [1] originally enacted as the British North America Act, 1867 (BNA Act), is a major part of the Constitution of Canada. The act created a federal dominion and defines much of the operation of the Government of Canada , including its federal structure , the House of Commons ...
Canada Day, [a] formerly known as Dominion Day, [b] is the national day of Canada.A federal statutory holiday, it celebrates the anniversary of Canadian Confederation which occurred on July 1, 1867, with the passing of the British North America Act, 1867, when the three separate colonies of the United Canadas, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick were united into a single dominion within the British ...
March 29 – Queen Victoria gives royal assent to the British North America Act, 1867. July 1 – The Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick are united into the Dominion of Canada by the British North America Act. July 1 – Sir John A. Macdonald becomes the first prime minister of the Dominion of Canada.
The Resolutions became the basis for the London Conference of 1866, which led to the formation of the Dominion of Canada on July 1, 1867. [125] The term dominion was chosen to indicate Canada's status as a self-governing polity of the British Empire, the first time it was used about a country. [126]
The history of post-confederation Canada began on July 1, 1867, when the British North American colonies of Canada, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia were united to form a single Dominion within the British Empire. [1] Upon Confederation, the United Province of Canada was immediately split into the provinces of Ontario and Quebec. [2]
The Canadian government under Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent also dropped the use of the term "Dominion" and began to use "Canada" as the sole name of the country, and "federal government" instead of "Dominion government". Some commentators, such as Eugene Forsey, argued that the formal name of the country remains "Dominion of Canada". [28]
In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and territories resulting in the displacement of Indigenous populations, and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom.