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This intimidation campaign was intended to preempt American influence or naval presence in the Black Sea, as well as to weaken Turkey's government and pull it into the Soviet sphere of influence. [4] The Straits crisis was a catalyst, along with the Greek Civil War, for the creation of the Truman Doctrine. [2]
Truman argued that if Greece and Turkey did not receive the aid, they would inevitably fall out of the United States' sphere of influence and into the communist bloc, with grave consequences throughout the region. The Truman Doctrine was informally extended to become the basis of American Cold War policy throughout Europe and around the world. [5]
If the Communists won, Turkey, with its large but weak and antiquated army, would be at very high risk. Truman won bipartisan support in March 1947 for the Truman Doctrine, which gave $300 million in military and economic aid to Greece and $100 million to Turkey. They were grants, not loans. Truman declared to Congress on 12 March:
The new policy, which became known as the Truman Doctrine, was the impetus for the Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe after World War II and the formation of NATO as a military alliance to counter ...
The doctrine enunciated American intentions to guarantee the security of Turkey and Greece, and resulted in large-scale U.S. military and economic support. [94] After participating with the United Nations forces in the Korean War, Turkey joined NATO in 1952, becoming a bulwark against Soviet expansion into the Mediterranean.
Truman made the proclamation in an address to Congress on March 12, 1947 amid the crisis of the Greek Civil War (1946–1949). [11] Truman insisted that if Greece and Turkey did not receive the aid that they needed, they would inevitably fall to communism with consequences throughout the region.
This bill was the first of many foreign policy initiatives created through the Truman Doctrine, President Truman's foreign policy initiative introduced during the Cold War to combat Communism and the Soviet Union. The goal of the Greek and Turkish Assistance Act was to send aid to Greece and Turkey to help those countries fight back against the ...
But without Truman’s decision to drop the atomic bombs, World War II would not have ended on the deck of the USS Missouri on Sept. 2, 1945, less than a month after Hiroshima. D.M. Giangreco is a ...