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While T3 and T4 thyroid hormones rely on MCT8 to enter several tissues such as the brain, tiratricol can enter cells independently of MCT8. [1] Once inside cells, tiratricol activates the thyroid hormone receptor in a similar way to endogenous T3. [1] The most common side effects are excessive sweating, irritability, anxiety and nightmares. [1]
In some ways the Jod-Basedow phenomenon is the opposite of two physiological compensation mechanisms, the Plummer effect and the Wolff–Chaikoff effect, which in normal persons and in persons with thyroid disease, suppress the thyroid hormone after ingestion of large quantities of iodine or iodide. However, unlike the Plummer and Wolff ...
Unlike the Wolff–Chaikoff effect, the Plummer effect does not prevent the thyroid from taking up radioactive iodine, e.g. in the case of nuclear emergencies.Therefore, "plummering" with high-dose iodine is only effective in a short time window after the release of radionuclides. [9]
Thyroid disease is a medical condition that affects the structure and/or function of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located at the front of the neck and produces thyroid hormones [1] that travel through the blood to help regulate many other organs, meaning that it is an endocrine organ. These hormones normally act in the body to ...
Psychiatrist Walter Pahnke described afterglow as an “elevated and energetic mood with a relative freedom from concerns of the past and from guilt and anxiety.” [1] [2] This phenomenon contrasts with hangovers, a condition that follows the use of various substances, including alcohol. Common effects of afterglow are described by many drug ...
Side effects are suspected and the drug is sometimes discontinued if the patient complains of recurrent episodes of sore throat. Another life-threatening side effect is sudden, severe, fulminant liver failure resulting in death or the need for a liver transplantation, which occurs in up to 1 in 10,000 people taking propylthiouracil.
Administering the radioactive isotope causes the thyroid to take in the lethal iodine and quickly radiation destroys it. [12] Typically overproduction of thyroxine using radio-iodine is blocked with one dose. The drawback to this treatment is the thyroid gland is completely destroyed and patients often develop hypothyroidism. Some do so only a ...
Thyroid hormone treatment is also included if required. Failure of some patients to respond to this first-line treatment has produced a variety of alternative treatments, including azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, chloroquine, methotrexate, periodic intravenous immunoglobulin, and plasma exchange. No controlled trials have been conducted, so the ...