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The type III copper can be replaced by Hg(II), which causes a decrease in laccase activity. [1] Cyanide removes all copper from the enzyme, and re-embedding with type I and type II copper has been shown to be impossible. Type III copper, however, can be re-embedded back into the enzyme. A variety of other anions inhibit laccase. [9]
An electron transport chain (ETC [1]) is a series of protein complexes and other molecules which transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions (both reduction and oxidation occurring simultaneously) and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H + ions) across a membrane.
A regulatory enzyme is an enzyme in a biochemical pathway which, through its responses to the presence of certain other biomolecules, regulates the pathway activity.This is usually done for pathways whose products may be needed in different amounts at different times, such as hormone production.
The Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. [1] As a system of enzyme nomenclature, every EC number is associated with a recommended name for the corresponding enzyme-catalyzed reaction. EC numbers do not specify enzymes but enzyme-catalyzed reactions.
Important factors in enzyme catalysis include general acid and base catalysis, orbital steering, entropic restriction, orientation effects (i.e. lock and key catalysis), as well as motional effects involving protein dynamics [1] [2] Mechanisms of enzyme catalysis vary, but are all similar in principle to other types of chemical catalysis in ...
Enzyme induction is a process in which a molecule (e.g. a drug) induces (i.e. initiates or enhances) the expression of an enzyme. Enzyme inhibition can refer to the inhibition of the expression of the enzyme by another molecule; interference at the enzyme-level, basically with how the enzyme works.
One katal is the enzyme activity that converts one mole of substrate per second under specified assay conditions, so 1 U = 1 μmol/min = 1/60 μmol/s ≈ 16.67 nmol/s; 16.67 nkat = 16.67 nmol/s; Therefore, 1 U = 16.67 nkat [4] While the katal may be recommended, almost all scientific research today still uses the system based on the minute, for ...
Hydrolase enzymes are important for the body because they have degradative properties. In lipids, lipases contribute to the breakdown of fats and lipoproteins and other larger molecules into smaller molecules like fatty acids and glycerol .