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Like other bats, leaf-nosed bats are nocturnal foragers that use echolocation to locate food sources, though the food sources vary between species. [14] Many bats in the family Phyllostomidae appear to have limited reliance on echolocation, likely because frugivorous bats do not need to quickly identify flying insects like many other bats. [8]
Nose-leaf diagram of a horseshoe bat. A nose-leaf, or leaf nose, is an often large, lance-shaped nose, found in bats of the Phyllostomidae, Hipposideridae, and Rhinolophidae families. Because these bats echolocate nasally, this nose-leaf is thought to serve a role in modifying and directing the echolocation call. [1] [2]
The northern leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros stenotis) is a micro-bat of the family Hipposideridae, known as "leaf-nosed" bats. The species is endemic to northern regions of Australia . They are highly manoeuvrable in flight, and use echolocation to forage for insect prey.
He later considered H. g. gentilis and H. g. sinensis as subspecies of the Pomona roundleaf bat (H. pomona). A 2018 publication stated that H. gentilis should be considered a full species rather than a subspecies due to its distinct baculum, nose-leaf, and echolocation characteristics. [5]
Other leaf-nosed bats, such as Vampyrum spectrum of South America, hunt a variety of prey such as lizards and birds. The horseshoe bats of Europe, as well as California leaf-nosed bats, have a very intricate leaf-nose for echolocation, and feed primarily on insects.
The common big-eared bat (Micronycteris microtis) is a bat species from South and Central America. It is a member of the family Phyllostomidae . Recent research has demonstrated this bat's ability to find motionless food within clutter. [ 2 ]
Waterhouse's leaf-nosed bat (Macrotus waterhousii) is a species of big-eared bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in the Greater Antilles (excluding Puerto Rico) in the Cayman Islands, Cuba, Hispaniola (the Dominican Republic and Haiti) and Jamaica, as well as Mexico (from Sonora to Hidalgo) south to Guatemala. [2]
Griffin's leaf-nosed bat is similar to the species complex of Hipposideros armiger, but with distinct acoustics, size, and DNA sequence.The sound frequencies for echolocation ranges from 76.6 to 79.2 kHz, which is higher than the frequencies produced by H. armiger subspecies, which range from 64.7 to 71.4 kHz. [7]