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  2. Sacramentum (oath) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacramentum_(oath)

    The sacramentum differs from iusiurandum, which is more common in legal application, as for instance swearing an oath in court. A sacramentum establishes a direct relation between the person swearing (or the thing pledged in the swearing of the oath) and the gods; the iusiurandum is an oath of good faith within the human community that is in ...

  3. Sworn testimony - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sworn_testimony

    Oath: I swear that the evidence that I shall give shall be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help me God. [3] Affirmation: I solemnly affirm that the evidence that I shall give shall be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth. [4]

  4. Sacramentum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacramentum

    Sacramentum is a Latin word meaning "oath" and later "sacrament," and may refer to : Sacramentum (oath), a Roman oath; Sacramentum caritatis, a post-synodal apostolic exhortation published in 2007; Sacramentum Poenitentiae, an apostolic constitution published by Pope Benedict XIV in 1741

  5. Legal wager - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_wager

    The technical term sacramentum is the bond of union between the two stages of law. In the wager of law the defendant, with eleven compurgators, appeared in court, and the defendant swore that he did not owe the debt, or (in detinue) that he did not detain the plaintiff's chattel ; while the compurgators swore that they believed that he spoke ...

  6. Roman military decorations and punishments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_military_decorations...

    "demanding sureties", including the re-taking of the military oath known as the sacramentum. For treason or theft, the punishment would most probably be being placed in a sack of snakes and thrown into a nearby river or lake.

  7. List of common misconceptions about history - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_common...

    The ancient Romans did not use the Roman salute depicted in The Oath of the Horatii (1784). The ancient Greeks did not use the word "idiot" (Ancient Greek: ἰδιώτης, romanized: idiṓtēs) to disparage people who did not take part in civic life. An ἰδιώτης was simply a private citizen as opposed to a government official.

  8. Testimony of integrity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testimony_of_integrity

    Testimony to integrity and truth refers to the way many members of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) testify or bear witness to their belief that one should live a life that is true to God, true to oneself, and true to others. To Friends, the concept of integrity includes personal wholeness and consistency as well as honesty and fair ...

  9. Sacrament - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacrament

    In Ancient Rome, the term meant a soldier's oath of allegiance. Tertullian , a 3rd-century Christian writer, suggested that just as the soldier's oath was a sign of the beginning of a new life, so too was initiation into the Christian community through baptism and Eucharist .