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Neurotrophin-3, or NT-3, is a neurotrophic factor, in the NGF-family of neurotrophins. It is a protein growth factor that has activity on certain neurons of the peripheral and central nervous system ; it helps to support the survival and differentiation of existing neurons, and encourages the growth and differentiation of new neurons and synapses .
Neurotrophic factors also promote the initial growth and development of neurons in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system, and they are capable of regrowing damaged neurons in test tubes and animal models. [1] [4] Some neurotrophic factors are also released by the target tissue in order to guide the growth of developing axons.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), or abrineurin, [5] is a protein [6] that, in humans, is encoded by the BDNF gene. [7] [8] BDNF is a member of the neurotrophin family of growth factors, which are related to the canonical nerve growth factor (NGF), a family which also includes NT-3 and NT-4/NT-5.
The common ligands of trk receptors are neurotrophins, a family of growth factors critical to the functioning of the nervous system. [3] The binding of these molecules is highly specific. Each type of neurotrophin has different binding affinity toward its corresponding Trk receptor. The activation of Trk receptors by neurotrophin binding may ...
Tropomyosin receptor kinase B is the high affinity catalytic receptor for several "neurotrophins", which are small protein growth factors that induce the survival and differentiation of distinct cell populations. The neurotrophins that activate TrkB are: BDNF (Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor), neurotrophin-4 (NT-4), and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3).
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) was first identified in 1973 as the low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (LNGFR) [5] [6] before discovery that p75NTR bound other neurotrophins equally well as nerve growth factor. [7] [8] p75NTR is a neurotrophic factor receptor.
Neurotrophin-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NTF3 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] The protein encoded by this gene, NT-3, is a neurotrophic factor in the NGF (Nerve Growth Factor) family of neurotrophins .
Neurotrophin-4 (NT-4), [5] also known as neurotrophin-5 (NT-5), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NTF4 gene. [6] It is a neurotrophic factor that signals predominantly through the TrkB receptor tyrosine kinase. [7] [8] NT-4 was first discovered and isolated from xenopus and viper in the year 1991 by Finn Hallbook et.al [9]