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The calorie is a unit of energy that originated from the caloric theory of heat. [1] [2] The large calorie, food calorie, dietary calorie, kilocalorie, or kilogram calorie is defined as the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one liter of water by one degree Celsius (or one kelvin).
Thus, for example, fats and ethanol have the greatest amount of food energy per unit mass, 37 and 29 kJ/g (9 and 7 kcal/g), respectively. Proteins and most carbohydrates have about 17 kJ/g (4 kcal/g), though there are differences between different kinds.
calorie: Cal (Calorie) Cal 1.0 Cal (4.2 kJ) megacalorie: Mcal Mcal 1.0 Mcal (4.2 MJ) kilocalorie: kcal kcal 1.0 kcal (4.2 kJ) calorie: cal cal 1.0 cal (4.2 J) millicalorie ...
The "grand calorie" (also "kilocalorie", "kilogram-calorie", or "food calorie"; "kcal" or "Cal") is 1000 cal, that is, exactly 4184 J. It was originally defined so that the heat capacity of 1 kg of water would be 1 kcal/°C. With these units of heat energy, the units of heat capacity are 1 cal/°C = 4.184 J/K ; 1 kcal/°C = 4184 J/K.
The SI unit for specific heat capacity is joule per kelvin per kilogram J / kg⋅K , J⋅K −1 ⋅kg −1. Since an increment of temperature of one degree Celsius is the same as an increment of one kelvin, that is the same as joule per degree Celsius per kilogram: J/(kg⋅°C).
The SI unit for specific energy is the joule per kilogram (J/kg). Other units still in use worldwide in some contexts are the kilocalorie per gram (Cal/g or kcal/g), mostly in food-related topics, and watt-hours per kilogram (W⋅h/kg) in the field of batteries.
The kilocalorie per mole is a unit to measure an amount of energy per number of molecules, atoms, or other similar particles. It is defined as one kilocalorie of energy (1000 thermochemical gram calories) per one mole of substance. The unit symbol is written kcal/mol or kcal⋅mol −1. As typically measured, one kcal/mol represents a ...
This Wikipedia page provides a list of units of energy used in the template for converting measurements.