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Neisseria is a large genus of bacteria that colonize the mucosal surfaces of many animals. Of the 11 species that colonize humans, only two are pathogens , N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae . Neisseria species are Gram-negative bacteria included among the Pseudomonadota , a large group of Gram-negative forms.
The Neisseriaceae are a family [2] of Pseudomonadota, within the Neisseriales order of Betaproteobacteria.While many organisms in the family are mammalian commensals or part of the normal flora, the genus Neisseria includes two important human pathogens, specifically those responsible for gonorrhea (caused by N. gonorrhoeae) and many cases of meningitis ("meningococcal meningitis", caused by N ...
Neisseria meningitidis, often referred to as the meningococcus, is a Gram-negative bacterium that can cause meningitis and other forms of meningococcal disease such as meningococcemia, a life-threatening sepsis. The bacterium is referred to as a coccus because it is round, and more specifically a diplococcus because of its tendency to form pairs.
Neisseria flavescens was first isolated from cerebrospinal fluid in the midst of an epidemic meningitis outbreak in Chicago. [2] These gram-negative , aerobic bacteria reside in the mucosal membranes of the upper respiratory tract, functioning as commensals . [ 3 ]
Neisseria lactamica is a gram-negative diplococcus bacterium. It is strictly a commensal species of the nasopharynx . Uniquely among the Neisseria they are able to produce β-D-galactosidase and ferment lactose.
Neisseria bacilliformis is a bacterium commonly found living as a commensal in the mucous membranes of mammals. However, depending on host immunocompetence, there have been documented cases of N. bacilliformis infections of the respiratory tract and oral cavity thus making it an opportunistic pathogen .
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, also known as gonococcus (singular) or gonococci (plural), is a species of Gram-negative diplococci bacteria first isolated by Albert Neisser in 1879. [3] An obligate human pathogen, it primarily colonizes the mucosal lining of the urogenital tract; however, it is also capable of adhering to the mucosa of the nose, [ 4 ...
Meningococcal disease describes infections caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis (also termed meningococcus). [1] It has a high mortality rate if untreated but is vaccine-preventable. [2] While best known as a cause of meningitis, it can also result in sepsis, which is an even more damaging and dangerous condition.