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The Christianization of Scandinavia, as well as other Nordic countries and the Baltic countries, took place between the 8th and the 12th centuries. The realms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden established their own archdioceses, responsible directly to the pope, in 1104, 1154 and 1164, respectively.
The Catholic Church in the Nordic countries was the only Christian church in that region before the Reformation in the 16th century. Since then, Scandinavia has been a mostly non- Catholic ( Lutheran ) region and the position of Nordic Catholics for many centuries after the Reformation was very difficult due to legislation outlawing Catholicism .
Christian laws also mentioned outdoor cult sites which were known as horgs. [6] Bans on eating horsemeat after the official conversion to Christianity imply that it was an important element of pagan cults. [3] Norsemen buried their dead in the ground or cremated them, but they always placed burial gifts in the graves. [6]
The Christian church in Scandinavia was originally governed by the archdiocese of Bremen. In 1104, an archbishop for all Scandinavia was installed in Lund . Uppsala was made Sweden's archdiocese in 1164, and remains so today.
The first significant sign that Christianity had been established on a larger scale was the baptism of King Olof Skötkonungs circa 1008. Saint Bridget . According to Adam of Bremen , Olof Skötkonung was granted an ultimatum at the ting in Uppsala : if he respected the faith of the pagan Nordic mythology and the blót rituals at the Temple of ...
The spread of conversion can be measured by burial sites as Pagans were buried with grave goods while Christians were not. [10] Christianity had become well established in Norway by the middle of the 11th century and had become dominant by the middle of the 12th century. Stave churches were built of wood without the use of nails in the 13th ...
Christianity is a prevalent religion in Denmark; in January 2023, 72.1% [1] of the population of Denmark were members of the Church of Denmark. According to a survey based on a sample 1,114, 25% of Danes believe Jesus is the son of God , and 18% believe he is the saviour of the world. [ 2 ]
The scholar of Scandinavian studies Thomas A. DuBois said Old Norse religion and other pre-Christian belief systems in Northern Europe must be viewed as "not as isolated, mutually exclusive language-bound entities, but as broad concepts shared across cultural and linguistic lines, conditioned by similar ecological factors and protracted ...