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In evolutionary psychology, people often speak of the four Fs which are said to be the four basic and most primal drives (motivations or instincts) that animals (including humans) are evolutionarily adapted to have, follow, and achieve: fighting, fleeing, feeding and fucking (a more polite synonym is the word "mating"). [1]
The term "trap" indicates that these sensory trap events may be detrimental to female mating success, but they may not always be costly. In fact, there are circumstances where not responding to the stimulus itself can be costly, as females may ignore the actual stimulus in the correct context, and lose the fitness benefits that come with it. [2]
Nesting behavior is an instinct in animals during reproduction where they prepare a place with optimal conditions to nurture their offspring. [1] The nesting place provides protection against predators and competitors that mean to exploit or kill offspring. [2] It also provides protection against the physical environment. [1]
[35] [36] [37] Research examining female rats has lent its support, wherein female rats showed a higher incentive motivation for unknown males over ones they had just copulated with. [37] In a study conducted in 2013, researchers conducted an experiment to test if the Coolidge effect could be observed in female rats. [36]
Communication is important for animals throughout the animal kingdom. For example, since female praying mantids are sexually cannibalistic , the male typically uses a cryptic form of display. [ 2 ] This is a series of creeping movements executed by the male as it approaches the female, with freezing whenever the female looks towards the male.
Sarah Hrdy (née Blaffer; born July 11, 1946) is an American anthropologist and primatologist who has made major contributions to evolutionary psychology and sociobiology.She is considered "a highly recognized pioneer in modernizing our understanding of the evolutionary basis of female behavior in both nonhuman and human primates". [2]
Animal languages are forms of communication between animals that show similarities to human language. [1] Animals communicate through a variety of signs, such as sounds and movements. Signing among animals may be considered a form of language if the inventory of signs is large enough. The signs are relatively arbitrary, and the animals seem to ...
Dog intelligence is the ability of the dog to perceive information and retain it as knowledge in order to solve problems. Dogs have been shown to learn by inference. A study with Rico showed that he knew the labels of over 200 different items. [4]