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The disarmament of Germany after World War I was decided upon by Allied leadership at the Paris Peace Conference. It was viewed, at the time, as a way to prevent further conflict with Germany and as punishment for Germany's role in World War I. The reduction of Germany's significant manufacturing capacity was one of the goals. [1]
The legal foundations that the Nazi Party later used for the purpose of disarming the Jews were already laid during the Weimar Republic.Starting with the Reichsgesetz über Schusswaffen und Munition (Reich law on firearms and ammunition), enacted on 12 April 1928, weapon purchase permits were introduced, which only allowed "authorized persons" the purchase and possession of firearms.
This involved, in the earliest stage, the disarmament of all remaining German military personnel. According to military historian Sheldon Goldberg, the process of disbanding the armed forces did not prove an obstacle since "most [remaining soldiers] simply dropped their weapons, raised their arms, and surrendered". [ 5 ]
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The Guards Cavalry Rifle Division (Garde-Kavallerie-Schützen-Division), a major Freikorps unit, enters Munich after crushing the Munich Soviet Republic.In the aftermath of World War I and during the German revolution of 1918–1919, Freikorps units consisting largely of World War I veterans were raised as paramilitary militias.
Still, the Society played an important role on topics like the rearmament of Germany and the German "Easter Protests”. [11] In the 1950s, the main topics of the German Peace Society were peaceful co-existence, the disarmament of East and West and the practice of war objectors which was also part of a big campaign in 1972. [12] [13]
Demilitarisation or demilitarization may mean the reduction of state armed forces; it is the opposite of militarisation in many respects. [1] For instance, the demilitarisation of Northern Ireland entailed the reduction of British security and military apparatuses. [2]
The military superiority of Germany was a defining element of Hitler's ideology and foreign policy, which made the idea of disarmament unacceptable. [17] As soon as Hitler rose to power, he began the process of rearming Germany , clearly defying both the Treaty of Versailles and the objective of the Disarmament Conference. [ 17 ]